Heredity

Question 1

the passing of generic traits from parents to offspring

Answer 1

heredity

Question 2

the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

Answer 2

dominant trait

Question 3

the trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred

Answer 3

recessive trait

Question 4

one set of instructions for an inherited trait

Answer 4

gene

Question 5

one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color

Answer 5

allele

Question 6

an organism’s appearance or other detectable characteristic

Answer 6

phenotype

Question 7

the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits

Answer 7

genotype

Question 8

the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event

Answer 8

probability

Question 9

one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

Answer 9

sex chromosomes

Question 10

a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells

Answer 10

meiosis

Question 11

a diagram showing genetic relationships between members of a family

Answer 11

Pedigree

Question 12

a type of macromolecule known as a nucleic acid

Answer 12

DNA

Question 13

a nitrogen-containing molecule that, in combination with other nucleotides, produces DNA and RNA

Answer 13

Nucleotide

Question 14

any event that changes genetic structure

Answer 14

mutations

Question 15

stands for ribosomal ribonucleic acid.

Answer 15

RNA

Question 16

a tiny particle made up of nucleic acids and proteins that exist in large numbers in the gel-like substance in between every cell in the body

Answer 16

Ribosome