heredity vocab Flashcards
Heredity
the passing off genetic traits from parent to offspring
Dominant Trait
the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
Genes
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
Alleles
one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color
Phenotype
an organism´ś appearance or other detectable characteristic
Genotype
the entire genetic makeup
Probability
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event
Meiosis
a process in cell division during which the the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells.
Sex chromosomes
one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Pedigree
a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.
Nucleotide
in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunits that consists of a sugar,a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
Mutations
a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
RNA
ribonulcic acid, a molecule that is present in all living cells and that plays a role in protein production.
Ribosome
a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein;the site of protein synthesis.
