Herencia En Los Seres Vivos Flashcards
(52 cards)
What is heredity?
Heredity is the transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring.
True or False: Genes are the basic units of heredity.
True
Fill in the blank: The physical expression of a gene is called its ______.
phenotype
What determines an organism’s genotype?
An organism’s genotype is determined by the specific alleles it possesses.
Which molecule carries the genetic information?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries the genetic information.
Multiple Choice: What is the role of alleles in heredity? A) They are proteins B) They are different versions of a gene C) They are cells D) They are traits
B) They are different versions of a gene
What is a dominant allele?
A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present.
True or False: Recessive alleles only express their traits when two copies are present.
True
What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
A Punnett square is used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.
Fill in the blank: The observable traits of an organism are referred to as its ______.
phenotype
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes?
Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of inheritance pattern? A) Complete dominance B) Incomplete dominance C) Codominance D) Random dominance
D) Random dominance
What does it mean for a trait to be sex-linked?
A sex-linked trait is associated with a gene located on a sex chromosome.
True or False: All traits are determined solely by genetics.
False
What is genetic variation?
Genetic variation refers to the diversity in gene frequencies among individuals in a population.
Fill in the blank: The process through which traits are passed from parents to offspring is called ______.
inheritance
What is the significance of Mendel’s laws of inheritance?
Mendel’s laws of inheritance explain how traits are inherited through generations.
Multiple Choice: Which law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation? A) Law of Segregation B) Law of Independent Assortment C) Law of Dominance D) Law of Variation
A) Law of Segregation
What is a pedigree chart used for?
A pedigree chart is used to trace the inheritance of traits in a family over generations.
True or False: Mutations can be inherited.
True
What is the role of the environment in heredity?
The environment can influence the expression of genes and the resulting phenotype.
Fill in the blank: The study of heredity and variation is called ______.
genetics
What is a genetic disorder?
A genetic disorder is a disease caused by an abnormality in an individual’s DNA.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a genetic disorder? A) Diabetes B) Cystic fibrosis C) Heart disease D) All of the above
B) Cystic fibrosis
