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Oral Medicine > Herpes Simplex (w1) > Flashcards

Herpes Simplex (w1) Flashcards

(40 cards)

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1
Q

Macule

A
  1. Flat
  2. circumscribed
  3. discolored area
  4. less than 1 cm
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2
Q

Patch

A
  1. Flat
  2. Circumscribed
  3. discolored area
  4. more than 1 cm
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3
Q

lesions that are raised from surface

A
  1. papule

2. plaque

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4
Q

Papule

A
  1. raised from surface
  2. circumscribed
  3. flat top
  4. less than 1 cm
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5
Q

Plaque

A
  1. raised from surface
  2. circumscribed
  3. flat top
  4. more than 1 cm
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6
Q

Lesions that contain fluid

A
  1. vesicle

2. bulla

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7
Q

What kind of fluids lesions contain

A

Fluid
Blood
Pus (pustule either small or large)

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8
Q

Why is the extraoral papule brown and what is the white coloration

A

Brown- melanin

White- keratin

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9
Q

What does rupture of vesicle or bulla lead to

A

Ulcer or erosion

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10
Q

What determines if the rupture of a vesicle/bulla is an ulcer or an erosion

A

According to depth

Ulcer: complete loss of epithelium (l7ad abl el ct)

Erosion: partial loss of epithelium

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11
Q

Why do we call an ulcer secondary

A

Because it happened after rupture of vesicle/bulla

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12
Q

Which lesions are mass of tissue

A

Nodule

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13
Q

What is an intraepithelial vesicle

A

Erosion

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14
Q

What is a subepithelial vesicle

A

Ulcer

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15
Q

What is the classification of ulcers

A

Primary and secondary

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16
Q

Primary and recurrent herpes simplex types

A 
Type 1 (above waist)
Type 2 (below waist)
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17
Q

List secondary vesiculobullous infective disease

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Primary & recurrent herpes simplex lesions
  2. Herpes zoster & chickenpox
  3. Hand - foot & mouth disease
  4. Herpangina
18
Q

Herpes viruses

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Herpes simplex type 1 & 2
  2. Human herpes 6
  3. Cytomegalovirus
  4. Varicella zoster virus
  5. Epstein barr virus
19
Q

What does herpes simplex type 1 cause

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Oral & pharyngeal inflammations
  2. Meningeo-encephalitis
  3. Dermatitis
    Above the waist
20
Q

What does herpes simplex type 2 cause

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Genital infection
  2. Dermatitis
    Below the waist
21
Q

Primary infections are …..

22
Q

What form does a recurrent infection take?

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Herpes labialis (cold sores or herpes blisters)

2. Recurrent intraoral herpes

23
Q

Transmission of herpes is through…

Study These Flashcards
A

Close contact

24
Q

Most commonly affected are…

Study These Flashcards
A

Children from 2 to 10 years

Immunocompromised adults

25
Who’s not expected to get a primary infection and why
Infants below 6 months Because they have maternal antibodies (IgG)
26
What are the clinical features of herpes simplex
1. Prodrome 2. Early lesions 3. Gingivostomatitis 4. Excessive salivation 5. Self limiting
27
Prodrome
Manifestations that appear before the oral vesicles by 1 or 2 days
28
What is the prodrome of herpes simplex
Headache, fever Nausea, vomiting Malaise, lymphadenitits Fever and malaise may be severe especially in adults
29
Early lesions
1. Dome shaped 2. 2-3 mm in size 3. On hard palate & dorsum of tongue 4. Painful 5. They rupture and leave circular, sharply defined, shallow ulcers Yellowish/ greyish floors Red margins
30
Gingival margins in herpes simplex
Swollen and red especially in children
31
How long do they take to be treated
They resolve on their own within 7-10 days (self limiting)
32
What is the pathology of herpes simplex type 1?
1. Intraepithelial vesicles 2. Ballooning degeneration 3. Multinucleated cells 4. Lipschutz bidies (intranuclear inclusion bodies)
33
What are the steps of diagnosis
History Clinical picture Lab test
34
What is the history of herpes simplex
1. Prodrome 1-2 days before lesion 2. -ve history of recurrent herpes labialis 3. +ve history of being in contact with patient with recurrent lesion
35
What are the required lab investigations of herpes simplex
Smear showing virus or damaged cells Raising titre of antibodies reaching peak after 2-3 weeks (Provides absolute but retrospective confirmation of diagnosis)
36
How is herpes simplex treated
Supportive measures | Acyclovir
37
What are the supporting measures taken to help herpes regress
1. Bed rest 2. Antipyretic 3. Non irritating diet 4. Fluids for hydration and electrolyte balance 5. No aspirin for childern
38
When is acyclovir taken
Lethal herpetic encephalitis | Disseminated infection
39
What does acyclovir do?
Inhibits DNA replication of herpes
40
Acyclovir dose
200 mg, 5 times per day (5 days) - adults | 100 mg, 5 times per day (5 days) - children

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