hesi Flashcards
A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client’s serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
a. Calcium chloride
b. calcium gluconate
c. calcitonin
d. Large doses of vitamin D
C. calcitonin
- normal Ca level is 8.5-10.2
- Calcitonin prevents bone breakdown which prevents more calcium from entering the blood stream
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6 year old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
a. milk
b. water
c. apple juice
d. organe juice
d. orange juice
Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
a. Tinnitus
b. diarrhea
c. constipation
d. decreased respirations
a. Tinnitus
Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
a. Notifying the registered nurse
b. discontinuing the medication
c. informing the client that this is normal
d. applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site
c. informing the client that this is normal
A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to:
a. treat thyroid storm
b. prevent cardiac irritability
c. treat hypocalcemic tetany
d. stimulate the released of parathyroid hormone
c. treat hypocalcemic tetany
A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized daily with insulin injections. Which information should the nurse teach when carrying out plans for discharge?
a. Keep insulin vials refrigerated at all times
b. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically
c. Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercise
d. Monitor the urine acetone level to determine the insulin dosage
b. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically
A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client regarding how to mix regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe. Which of the following actions, if performed by the client, indicates the need for further teaching?
a. Withdraws the NHP insulin first
b. Withdraws the regular insulin first
c. injects air into NHP insulin vial first
d. Inject an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into the vial
a. Withdraws the NPH insulin first
always withdraw Regular insulin first (want to be an RN, regular then NPH)
A home care nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin. The nurse tells the client to:
a. Freeze the insulin
b. Refrigerate the insulin
c. Store the insulin in a dark, dry place
d. Keep the insulin at room temperature
b. Refrigerate the insulin
Glimepiride (Amaryl) is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. A nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
a. Alcohol
b. Organ meats
c. Whole-grain cereals
d. Carbonated beverages
a. Alcohol
The health care providers prescribes exenatide (Byetta) for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who takes insulin. The nurse knows that which of the following is the appropriate intervention?
a. The medication is administered within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meal.
b. The medication is withheld and the HCP is called to question the prescription for the client.
c. The client is monitored for gastrointestinal side effects after administration of the medication.
d. The insulin is withdrawn from the Penlet into an insulin syringe to prepare for administration.
b. The medication is withheld and the HCP is called to question the prescription for the client.
exenatide is for type 1 diabetes
A client is taking Humulin NPH insulin daily every morning. The nurse reinforces instructions for the client and tells the client that the most likely time for a hypoglycemic reaction to occur is:
a. 2 to 4 hours after administration
b. 4 to 12 hours after administration
c. 16 to 18 hours after administration
d. 18 to 24 hours after administration
b. 4 to 12 hours after administration
A client with diabetes mellitus visits a health care clinic. The client’s diabetes mellitus previously had been well controlled with glyburide (DiaBeta) daily, but recently the fasting blood glucose level has been 180-200 mg/dL. Which medication, if added to the client’s regimen, may have contributed to the hyperglycemia?
a. Prednisone
b. Phenellzine
c. Atenolol
d. Allopurinol
a. Prednisone
glucocorticoids increase blood glucose
A community health nurse visits a client at home. Prednisone 10mg orally daily has been prescribed fro the client and the nurse reinforces teaching for the client about the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that further teaching is necessary?
a. “I can take aspirin or my antihistamines if I need to.”
b. “I need to take the medication everyday at the same time.”
c. I need to avoid coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate in my diet.”
d. “If I gain more than 5 lbs a week, I will call my doctor.”
a. “I can take aspirin or my antihistamines if I need to.”
- corticosteroids should not be taken with NSAIDs (including ASA); may increase GI upset
- avoid grapefruit juice also
Desmopressin acetate (DDVAP) is prescribed for the treatment of diabetes insipidus. The nurse monitors the client after medication administration for which therapeutic response?
a. decreased urinary output
b. decreased blood pressure
c. decreased peripheral edema
d. decreased blood glucose level
a. decreased urinary output
DDVAP is used to decrease thirst and urine output for people with DI or head injury; concentrates urine
The home health nurse is visiting a client who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client is prescribed repaglinide (Prandin) and metformin (Glucophage) and asks the nurse to explain these medications. The nurse should reinforce which instructions to the client? Select all that apply.
a. Diarrhea can occur secondary to the metformin.
b. The repaglinide is not take if a meal is skipped.
c. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes before eating.
d. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hypoglycemia episodes.
e. Metformin increases hepatic glucose production to prevent hypoglycemia associated with repaglinide.
f. Muscle pain is an expected side effect of metformin and may be treated with acetaminophen.
a. Diarrhea can occur secondary to the metformin.
b. The repaglinide is not take if a meal is skipped.
c. The repaglinide is taken 30 minutes before eating.
d. Candy or another simple sugar is carried and used to treat mild hypoglycemia episodes.
