HGE RI TERMS Flashcards
(58 cards)
1
Q
Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil.
a. Porosity
b. Degree of Saturation
c. Void Ratio
d. None of the above
A
Porosity
2
Q
Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil solids.
a. Void Ratio
b. Porosity
c. Degree of Saturation
d. None of the above
A
Void Ration
3
Q
- Ratio of volume of water and volume of soil.
a. Degree of Saturation
b. Void Ratio
c. Porosity
d. None of the above
A
d. None of the above
4
Q
- Which is true for porosity?
a. 0 < n < 100
b. 0 ≤ n ≤ 100
c. 0 ≤ n
d. 0 < n
A
a. 0 < n < 100
5
Q
- Which is true for void ratio?
a. 0 < e < 100
b. 0 ≤ e ≤ 100
c. 0 ≤ e
d. 0 < e
A
0 < e
6
Q
- Which is true for degree of saturation?
a. 0 < S < 100
b. 0 ≤ S ≤ 100
c. 0 ≤ S
d. 0 < S
A
0 ≤ S ≤ 100
7
Q
- In the unit phase diagram for a soil mass:
a. The volume of water is taken as unity
b. The total volume is taken as unity
c. The weight of solids is taken as unity
d. The volume of solids is taken as unity
A
The volume of solids is taken as unity
8
Q
- “Loam” means:
a. Silty with little sand
b. Sandy silt with little clay
c. Clayey sand exhibiting slight cohesion
d. Mixture of sand, silt, and clay size particles in approximately equal proportions
A
Mixture of sand, silt, and clay size particles in approximately equal proportions
9
Q
- Principle involved in the relationship between submerged unit weight and saturated unit weight of a soil is:
a. Darcy’s Law
b. Stoke’s Law
c. Archimedes’ Principle
d. Equilibrium of floating bodies
A
Archimedes’ Principle
10
Q
- What is soil in civil engineering?
a. The material in a relatively thin surface zone within roots occur
b. The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s crust
c. The substance existing on the earths surface, which grows and develops plants
d. None of the above
A
The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth’s crust
11
Q
- Rise of water table above the ground surface causes:
a. Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress
b. Equal decrease in pore water pressure and total stress
c. Increase in pore water pressure but decrease in total stress
d. Decrease in pore water pressure but increase in total stress
A
Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress
12
Q
- The shear strength of a soil:
a. Is directly proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
b. Is inversely proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
c. Decreases with increase in normal stress
d. Decreases with decrease in normal stress
A
Decreases with decrease in normal stress
13
Q
- Effective stress on soil:
a. Increases voids ratio and decreases permeability.
b. Increases both voids ratio and permeability.
c. Decreases both voids ratio and permeability.
d. Decreases voids ratio and increases permeability.
A
Decreases both voids ratio and permeability.
14
Q
- The coefficient of compressibility of soil, is the ratio of:
a. Stress to strain
b. Strain to stress
c. Stress to settlement
d. Rate of loading to that of settlement
A
Strain to stress
15
Q
- A cohesive soil deposit is considered stiff if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
a. 0 to 25
b. 50 to 100
c. 100 to 200
d. 25 to 50
A
100 to 200
16
Q
- A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
a. 0 to 25
b. 50 to 100
c. 100 to 200
d. 25 to 50
A
25 to 50
17
Q
- A cohesive soil deposit is considered very soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
a. 0 to 25
b. 50 to 100
c. 100 to 200
d. 25 to 50
A
0 to 25
18
Q
- If the shearing stress is zero on two planes, then the angle between the two planes is
a. 45°
b. 135°
c. 90°
d. 225°
A
90°
19
Q
- Compression of soil occurs rapidly if voids are filled with
a. Air
b. Water
c. Partly with air and partly with water
d. None of these
A
Air
20
Q
- Cohesionless soil is
a. Sand
b. Silt
c. Clay
d. Clay and silt
A
Sand
21
Q
- In a triaxial compression test when drainage is allowed during the first stage only and not during the second stage, the test is known as
a. Consolidated drained test
b. Consolidated undrained test
c. Unconsolidated drained test
d. Unconsolidated undrained test
A
Consolidated undrained test
22
Q
- Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium?
a. above center of gravity
b. at the center of gravity
c. below the center of gravity
d. one half of the total draft
A
above center of gravity
23
Q
- When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in?
a. unstable equilibrium
b. stable equilibrium
c. neutral equilibrium
d. none of the above
A
unstable equilibrium
24
Q
- The metacentric height is the distance between the
a. center of gravity of the floating body and the center of buoyancy
b. center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
c. metacenter and the center of buoyancy
d. original center of buoyancy and the new center of buoyancy
A
center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
25
25. The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called:
a. specific weight
b. specific gravity
c. mass density
d. none of the above
specific weight
26
26. A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change) is referred to in hydraulics as:
a. hydraulic jump
b. potential head
c. hydrodynamics
d. water hammer
water hammer
27
27. A type of shock where the flow undergoes a sudden transition from swift flow to tranquil flow.
a. water hammer
b. hydraulic jump
c. non-uniform flow
d. celerity
hydraulic jump
28
28. A fluid property that measures the fluid’s resistance to shear stress.
a. viscosity
b. density
c. bulk modulus of elasticity
d. surface tension
viscosity
29
29. The vena contrata of a circular orifice is ____ approximately diameter downstream from the inner face of the orifice plate:
a. 1/2
b. 1/3
c. 1/4
d. 2/3
1/2
30
30. When the ship’s metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in:
a. equilibrium
b. stable equilibrium
c. unstable equilibrium
d. neutral equilibrium
neutral equilibrium
31
31. A force within the surface layer of a liquid that causes the layer to behave as an elastic sheet.
a. celerity
b. buoyant force
c. surface tension
d. capillarity
surface tension
32
32. In the triaxial test, the deviator stress increases the shear stress on what plane?
a. Horizontal plane only
b. Vertical plane only
c. Both horizontal and vertical planes
d. All planes except the horizontal and vertical planes
All planes except the horizontal and vertical planes
33
33. Which of the following tests is not done on a laboratory set up?
a. Direct shear test
b. Vane shear test
c. Triaxial test
d. Unconfined compression test
Vane shear test
34
34. The shear strength of a soil:
a. Increases with an increase in the normal stress
b. is proportional to the cohesion of the soil
c. Is generally known as the strength of the soil
d. All of the above
All of the above
35
35. Minor losses through valves, fittings, bends, contractions etc. are commonly modeled as proportional to:
a. total head
b. static head
c. velocity head
d. pressure drop
velocity head
36
36. The best hydraulic cross section for a trapezoidal channel of base width b is one for which the length of the side edge of the flow section is:
a. b
b. b/2
c. 2b
d. √𝟑𝐛
a. b
37
37. When the path lines of the individual particles of a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually cross each other and form a complicated network, the flow is called:
a. uniform
b. laminar
c. continuous
d. turbulent
turbulent
38
38. Type of flow where the flow rate does not change over time.
a. continuous flow
b. laminar flow
c. steady flow
d. uniform flow
steady flow
39
39. Type of flow where the mean velocity of flow for a given length or reach is the same at every cross section.
a. continuous flow
b. laminar flow
c. steady flow
d. uniform flow
uniform flow
40
40. Uninterrupted flow in a fluid near a solid boundary in which the direction of flow at every point remains constant:
a. continuous flow
b. laminar flow
c. steady flow
d. uniform flow
laminar flow
41
41. Type of flow where at any time, the discharge or flow rate at every section of the stream is the same.
a. continuous flow
b. steady flow
c. critical flow
d. uniform flow
continuous flow
42
42. Type of flow in which, for a fixed rate of flow, the specific energy is minimum.
a. continuous flow
b. steady flow
c. critical flow
d. subcritical
critical flow
43
43. Type of flow in which the density of the fluid is constant from one point to another.
A. continuous flow
B. steady flow
C. compressible flow
D. incompressible flow
incompressible flow
44
44. Type of flow in which the fluid particles rotate about their own axis while flowing along the streamlines.
a. rotational flow
b. steady flow
c. irrotational flow
d. incompressible flow
incompressible flow
45
45. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
a. Specific energy is the total energy above the floor of an open channel
b. For a given specific energy, two depths exist and these are called alternate depths
c. Velocity of flow is critical at maximum specific energy
d. Critical velocity occurs at Froude number = 1
Velocity of flow is critical at maximum specific energy
46
46. All other conditions and parameters remaining the same, water hammer pressure can be reduced by
a. using pipe of greater diameter
b. using pipe of greater wall thickness
c. using a more elastic pipe
d. increasing the velocity of the pressure wave
using pipe of greater diameter
47
47. If a water tank, partially filled with water is being carried on a truck, moving with a constant horizontal acceleration, the level of liquid will
a. rise and fall alternately on the front side of the tank
b. fall on the rear side of the tank
c. remain the same on both side of the tank
d. rise on the rear side and fall on the front side of the tank
rise on the rear side and fall on the front side of the tank
48
48. As the depth of immersion of a vertical plane surface increase, the location of center of pressure
a. comes closer to the center of gravity of the area
b. moves apart from the center of gravity of the area
c. ultimately coincides with the center of gravity of the area
d. remains unaffected
comes closer to the center of gravity of the area
49
49. In open channel water flows under
a. force of gravity
b. atmospheric pressure
c. hydrostatic pressure
d. mechanical pressure
force of gravity
50
50. The pressure exerted onto a liquid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the liquid. This principle in fluid mechanics is attributed to:
a. Archimedes
b. Boyle
c. Torricelli
d. Pascal
Pascal
51
51. In any stream flowing steadily without friction, the total energy contained is the same at every point in its path of flow. This principle is attributed to:
a. Torricelli
b. Bernoulli
c. Pascal
d. Boyle
Bernoulli
52
52. The volume of a gas at constant temperature varies inversely as the pressure applied to the gas. This principle is attributed to:
a. Boyle
b. Pascal
c. Archimedes
d. Bernoulli
Boyle
53
53. If the volume of voids is equal to the volume of solids, what is the porosity and void ratio equal to?
a. 0 and 1
b. 1and 0
c. 1 and 0.5
d. 0.5 and 1
1 and 0.5
54
54. A process by which water-saturated soil sediment temporarily loss strength and acts as a fluid.
a. Consolidation
b. C. Settlement
c. Plasticity
d. D. Liquefaction
Liquefaction
55
55. The soil which contains finest grain particles, is
a. Coarse sand
b. C. Silt
c. Fine sand
d. D. Clay
Clay
56
56. If the plasticity index of a soil mass is zero, the soil is
a. Sand
b. C. Clay
c. Silt
d. D. Clayey silt
Sand
57
57. Volume change in saturated soils caused by the expulsion of pore water from loading?
a. Initial Consolidation
b. Primary Consolidation
c. Secondary Consolidation
d. None of the above
Primary Consolidation
58
