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HHM EXAM REV Flashcards

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1
Q

Carbohydrate Function

A

Provides fuel and energy for the body which is required for growth.
1gram= 16kj

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2
Q

Carbohydrate impact of over and under consumption

A

over- obesity, diabetes, heart disease
under- low energy, headaches, hard to concentrate

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3
Q

Major food source of carbohydrates

A

Vegetables, rice, pasta, cereals, fruit

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4
Q

Fibre function

A

Type of carbohydrate that is required for a feeling of fullness and reduces cholesterol. It regulates bowel movements by adding bulk to stool making it easier to pass through bowel movements.

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5
Q

Fibre impact of over and under consumption

A

over- discomfort, abdominal pain, bloating
under- constipation

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6
Q

Fibre major food sources

A

Bran, wholemeal bread, grains and seeds

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7
Q

Protein function

A

To build and maintain body cells and muscles, acts at last source of fuel for energy.

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8
Q

Protein major food sources

A

eggs, dairy products, beef, chicken

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9
Q

Fats

A

Energy =37kj, Cell membrane development

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10
Q

Major food sources of unsaturated and monosaturated fats

A

avocado, fish, cheese

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11
Q

Monounsaturated fats function

A

Lower LDL (low density lipidprotein) cholestrol, reduce CVD risks

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12
Q

Polyunsaturated fats function

A

vital for building cell membranes, reduce stroke and heart attack risk.

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13
Q

saturated fats function

A

These fats raise your LDL cholesterol increasing risks like CVD.

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14
Q

Trans fats

A

A manufactured fat from converting liquid oil into a solid fat by process called hydrogenation

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15
Q

Water function

A

Essential for the optimal functioning of the body’s systems. Without water you can become dehydrated.

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16
Q

Sociocultural factors

A

Family, Peer groups, health literacy, education, income, gender

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17
Q

Water main food sources

A

watermelon, apple

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18
Q

What it the role of cholestrol in the body

A

A type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body such as cell membrane and formation of hormones and vitamin D.

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19
Q

What does LDL (bad cholesterol) and HDL (good cholesterol) stand for

A

Low density and high density lipoprotein

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20
Q

What is atherosclerosis

A

A narrowing and hardening of the artery walls from the build up of plaque in the blood vessel walls

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21
Q

Sodium function

A

Regulates fluid balance in the body as fluid is drawn to it

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22
Q

Over consumption of sodium can lead to …

A

High blood pressure, heart failure, hypertension

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23
Q

Major food sources of sodium

A

Table salt, olives, fish, meat, cheese, bread

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24
Q

Function of calcium

A

Essential for building bones, teeth and supports peak bone desity.

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25
Under consumption of calcium can lead to ...
osteoporosis
26
Major food sources of calcium
milk, dairy, brocolli, leafy greens
27
Iron function
Essential for blood production and oxygen and transport. Iron forms the haemoglobin which is the oxygen carrying component in the blood.
28
Under consumption of iron ....
Anemia, tiredness, fatigue
29
Major food sources of iron
Red meat, turkey, chicken, brown rice
30
Vitamin D function
Absorbs calcium from intestine into the bloodstream there for strengthening bones
31
Under consumption of vitamin D
weak bones, osteoprosis
32
Major food sources of Vitamin D
fish, beef liver, cheese
33
Function of Vitamin C
Helps to form blood vessels, and muscle and collagen in bones
34
Function of Vitamin B folate
Helps with DNA synthesis and required for cells to duplicate during growth.
35
Main sources of Vitamin B
Leafy greens, citrus fruits
36
Macronutrients
Nutrient that is required in large amounts
37
Micronutrients
Nutrients required in small amounts
38
Example of Macronutrients
Carbohydrates, proteins, fats
39
Examples of Micronutrients
iron, vitamin A
40
What is the AGHE
It is a plate with 5 food groups which recommended which foods we should eat in what amount
41
What is the health star system and how does it work
The health star rating is a front of packaging labelling system that shows the overall nutritional profile of packaged food and assigns it a rating from 1/2 to 5 stars.
42
What are examples of micronutrients
sodium, calcium, iron, vitamin D,C,B
43
What are examples of macronutrients
Carbohydrates, fibre, protein, fats- trans, saturated, mono,poly, water
44
is the health star rating system effective
It highlights foods that are higher in nutrients making it easier for youth but dosent mean these foods provide all the essential nutrients and can be bias.
45
Is the healthy eating pyramid effective
It is a simple visual tool to promote healthy eating but there are no serving sizes so people can still overconsume.
46
differences between aghe
Both have 5 main food groups - aboriginal-
47
WHO definition of health
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
48
Strengths of the WHO definition
- the definition goes further than just the physical dimension of health and wellbeing by including mental and social.
49
Identify all dimensions of health and wellbeing
Physical, Mental, Emotional, Social, Spiritual
50
mental
The state of wellbeing relating to the mind or brain and its ability to process information.A mentally healthy brain enables a person to form positive opinions, and make choices and use logic.
51
Social
Refers to the ability to form meaningful relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations.
52
Physical
Relating to the functioning of the systems
53
Emotional
Relates to the ability to express emotions in a positive way . It's about the positive management of emotional actions and reactions as well as the ability to display resilience.
54
Spiritual
Spiritual health is not material in nature but relates to ideas , beliefs, and values and ethics. It includes concepts of hope, peace guiding sense of meaning or value and reflection on your place in the world.
55
Characteristic of physical
Healthy body weight, optimal energy levels, able to complete daily tasks
56
Characteristic of Emotional
Recognises and understand emotional actions and reactions , high level of resilience
57
Characteristic of mental
optimal self esteem, low levels of stress and anxiety, high level of confidence, positive thought patterns
58
Characteristic of Social
supportive well functioning family, supportive network or friends, effective communication with others
59
Characteristic of spiritual
sense of belonging to the world, peace and hope, purpose in life
60
Health status
An individual's or a population's overall health, taking into account various indicators such as life expectancy, mortality rates.
61
How is burden of disease measured
YLL + YLD = DALY
62
Shelter
a structure that provides protection from the elements and a safe place to live.
63
Peace
peace refers to the absence of violence or conflict such as war
64
education
the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values and beliefs including reading , writing and healthy literacy.
65
food
food intake is an essential requirement for life and basic human need.
66
sustainability
meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
67
Income
refers to having a regular payment usually for work that is above the poverty line
68
Social justice
When all people have equal rights for all regardless of sex, class and income , ethnicity , religion, age, or sexual orientation
69
Equity
those who need the most assistance receive more support - level playing fields.
70
Definition for health and wellbeing
the state of a persons physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual being and is characterised by an equilibrium in which they are healthy, capable and engaged.
71
Sociocultural factors
the social and cultural conditions into which people are born, grow, live, work, age.
72
Prevalence
the total number of cases of a disease/condition present in a population at a given time
73
Incidence
The number or rate of new cases of a disease or condition in a population during a given period
74
Rates of hospitalisation
calculated referring to hospital separations. A hospital separation is am episode of hospital care that starts with admission and ends with transfers, discharge, death.
75
what are the sociocultural factors
peer groups, family, education, health literacy, gender
76
Morbidity
Ill health a individual and levels of ill health within a population often expressed through prevalence or incidence.
77
Burden of disease
It measures the gap between current health status and the ideal situation where everyone lives free from disease and illness
78
Mortality
The number of deaths in a population in a given time
79
What is a direct, indirect an tangible cost of vaping and smoking
Intangible- affect on family if a young person is admitted to hospital - stress , pain , suffering Direct cost- the community has to pay for diagnosing treatment and healthcare costs increase Indirect cost- productivity- more sick days due to smoking
80
core activity limitation
when an individual has difficulty, or requires assistance, with any of the three core activities
81
psychological distress
relates to unpleasant feelings and emotions that affect an individual’s level of functioning
82
self assessed health status
a measure of an individual's subjective perception of their overall health, reflecting their personal assessment of their well-being
83
Current health trends impacting youth
vaping, increased anxiety, eating disorders
84
Government youth programs
headspace, doctors in schools, better health channel
85
Non goverment organisations
smiling mind, beyond blue
86
what is the importance of kinship
the kinship system can promote social health and wellbeing by structuring how to act appropriately in social situations
87
example of a commerical factor
marketing media- attracting youth to products through social media- product placement, celebrity endorsement, sponsorships
88
Describe the role of cholestrol in the body
A type of fat required for optimal functioning of the body such as cell membrane and formation or hormones.

health and human (2 decks)

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