High Frequency Vocabulary Flashcards
(205 cards)
1
Q
ā, ab, abs
prep., abl.
A
(1) from, away from;
(2) at, in, on; ā tergō, in the rear;
(3) ab mīlibus passuum duōbus, two miles away;
(4) by;
(5) in respect to, after.
2
Q
ac
A
see atque.
3
Q
ac*cidō, -cidere, -cidī
A
fall to;
befall;
happen, occur
4
Q
ac*cipiō, -cipere, -cēpī,
-ceptum
A
take to oneself, accept; experience, suffer;
learn, hear, take.
5
Q
ad
prep., acc.,
A
(1) to, toward, against;
(2) at, near;
(3) for (the purpose of);
(4) numbers: up to, about;
(5) time: up to, until; at, on;
(6) after, according to, among.
6
Q
advent*us, -ūs
m.
A
arrival, approach
7
Q
ag*er, -rī
m.
A
field; district, territory.
8
Q
aliquis, -quid
and
aliquī, -qua, -quod
indef. pron.
A
someone, something;
anyone, anything, any.*
9
Q
ali*us, -a, -ud
gen., alīus
A
another, other;
alius . . . alius, one . . . another;
pl.: some . . . others.*
10
Q
alt*er, -era, -erum
A
the other (of two);
second;
the one;
alter . . . alter, the one . . . the other;
alterī . . . alterī, the one party . . . the other.*
11
Q
Ambiorīx, -īgis
m.
A
Ambiorix, king of Eburones.
12
Q
ann*us, -ī
m.
A
year
13
Q
ante
(1) adv.
(2) prep., acc.
A
(1) before, above, previously;
(2) before, in front of
14
Q
apud
prep., acc.
A
at, among, near, with;
at the house of, in the presence of
15
Q
arbitror
1
A
decide, think, believe
16
Q
arm*a, -ōrum
n. pl.
A
arms, weapons;
battle, war
17
Q
at
conj.
A
but, at least
18
Q
atque, ac
conj.
A
(1) and also, and even, and;
(2) comparisons: than, as, from
aut, conj., or;
aut . . . aut, either . . . or
19
Q
autem
conj.
A
but;
however;
moreover
20
Q
Belg*ae, -ārum
m.
A
the Belgae
21
Q
bell*um, -ī
n.
A
war
22
Q
Britanni*a, -ae
f.
A
Britannia, Britain
23
Q
Caes*ar, -aris
m.
A
(1) Gaius Julius Caesar;
(2) Lucius Julius Caesar, a lieutenant
24
Q
capi*ō, -ere, cēpī, captum
A
take, capture, catch;
take in, trick;
take up (arms);
choose (a spot);
adopt (a plan);
reach, arrive at;
make (a beginning);
collem capere: take a position on a hill;
fugam capere: take to flight
25
castr*a, -ōrum
n. pl.
(fortified) camp;
castra facere or pōnere: pitch camp;
castra movēre: break camp
26
caus*a, -ae
f.
cause, reason, motive;
situation;
a (legal) case;
causam dīcere: to plead a case;
causā, (with gen.): for the sake or purpose of
27
celeri*tās, -tātis
f.
speed, swiftness
28
cert*us, -a, -um
adj.
certain, sure, fixed;
certiōrem facere: inform (with acc. and inf.);
order (with ut or nē and subjunctive);
certior fierī: be informed.
29
Cicer*ō, -ōnis
m.
Quintus Tullius Cicero, a lieutenant.
30
circiter
adv.
about, around, near
31
circum*venio, -venīre, -venī, -ventum
surround, cut off , beset;
betray.
32
cīvi*tās, -tātis
f.
citizenship;
state
33
coepī, coepisse
began, undertook;
coeptus, perf. part.,: begun.*
34
cog*nōscō, -nōscere, -nōvī, -nitum
learn;
study;
perf.: I know.*
35
cōgō, cōgere, coēgī, coāctum
collect, assemble;
force, compel
36
cohor*s, -tis
f.
cohort
37
collocō
1
place, set, station;
arrange
38
col*loquor, -loquī, -locūtus sum
speak with, have a conference
39
commūn*is, -e
adj.
common, general;
rēs commūnis: the common interest
40
cōnsili*um, -ī
n.
deliberation;
counsel, advice;
plan;
course of action;
judgement;
wisdom;
council (of war);
commūnī cōnsiliō: by or in accordance with general action;
pūblicō cōnsiliō: by action of the state; cōnsilium capere or inīre: form or adopt a plan;
cōnsilium habēre: think, consider
41
cōn*stituō, -stituere, -stituī, -stitūtum
set up, construct, appoint, decide, decree, establish;
draw up (troops in formation);
anchor (ships);
raise (a legion)
42
cōn*suēscō, -suēscere, -suēvī, -suētum
become used to;
perf.: be accustomed;
cōnsuētus, perf. part. as adj.: accustomed, usual*
43
con*tineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentum
hold, keep, restrain;
bound, shut up, contain;
sē continēre, with abl.: remain in, on, or within
44
contrōversi*a, -ae
f.
dispute, argument
45
con*veniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventum
come together, assemble;
meet;
arrive;
be agreed upon;
impers.: be convenient, suitable, or necessary
46
cōpi*a, -ae
f.
supply, plenty, number;
pl.: resources; forces, troops.
47
cum
conj.
when, as, while;
after, as soon as;
whenever;
since, because;
although;
cum . . . tum: not only . . but also, both . . and;
cum prīmum: as soon as.*
48
cum
prep., abl.
with, together with
49
dē
prep., abl.
(1) place: from, down or away from, out of;
(2) time: just after, about;
(3) about, concerning, in accordance with
50
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictum
say, tell, speak, mention;
name, appoint;
causam dīcere: plead a case
51
diēs, diēī
m. and f.
day;
time;
in diēs: from day to day;
diem ex diē: day after day.
52
dis*cēdō, -cēdere, -cessī, -cessum
go away, depart, retire;
leave.
53
dō, dare, dedī, datum
give, grant, furnish;
offer;
yield, give up;
in fugam dare: put to flight.*
54
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductum
lead, conduct, guide, draw;
bring, fetch;
trace, construct, extend;
deem, consider, judge;
protract, defer
55
dum
conj.
while, as long as;
till, until.
56
du*o, -ae, -a
card. num., adj.
two.*
57
ē, ex
prep., abl.
(1) place: out of, from, away from;
on;
ūnā ex parte: on one side;
(2) time: from, after, since;
ex itinere: immediately after the march;
(3) of, because of, in accordance with;
ē regiōne: opposite
58
equ*es, -itis
m.
a horseman;
equestrian;
pl.: cavalry
59
equitāt*us, -ūs
m.
cavalry, horsemen
60
equ*us, -ī
m.
horse
61
et
conj.
and;
also, too, even;
et . . . et: both . . . and
62
etiam
conj.
and also, also, even, yet
63
exercit*us, -ūs
m.
an army
64
exīstimō
1
reckon, think, consider
65
facile
adv.
easily, readily
Comp.: facilius;
superl.: facillime.*
66
facil*is, -e
adj.
easy
67
faci*ō, -ere, fēcī, factum
make, construct, form, do, execute
(commands);
give (opportunity);
with ut: bring about, cause;
intransitive.: do, act
Pass.: fīō, fi erī, factus sum
result, happen, come to pass.*
68
ferē
adv.
almost, nearly, about, for the most part
69
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātum
carry, bear, bring;
endure, suffer, support, withstand; receive; tell, report, give, render (aid);
offer, propose (terms);
graviter or molestē ferre: be annoyed or angry at;
pass.: (sometimes) rush. *
70
fīn*is, -is
m.
boundary, limit, border, end;
pl.:
borders;
territory, country
71
fl ū*men, -inis
n.
river, stream
72
frūment*um, -ī
n.
grain;
pl.: crops
73
Galli*a, -ae
f.
Gaul
74
Gall*us, -a, -um
adj.
Gallic;
pl.: the Gauls
75
gen*us, -eris
n.
descent, origin, race, class, tribe, family;
kind, nature
76
Germān*ī, -ōrum
m.
the Germani
77
ger*ō, -re, gessī, gestum
carry, bear, wield;
(of war) carry on, perform, wage, conduct; pass.: be done, go on, occur
78
grav*is, -e
adj.
heavy, oppressive, hard, severe, serious; advanced (in years).
79
hab*eō, -ēre, -uī, -itum
have, hold, possess;
think, consider, regard;
deliver (with ōrātiōnem);
in animō habēre: intend;
ratiōnem habēre:
have regard for;
take care or see that (followed by an ut clause);
cōnsilium habēre: form a plan;
in numerō hostium habēre: consider as enemies;
aliter sē habēre: be otherwise or be different.*
80
Helveti*us, -a, -um
adj.
Helvetian;
pl.: the Helvetii
81
hībern*a, -ōrum
n.
winter camp or quarters
82
hic, haec, hoc
demon. pron.
this, this man, this woman, this thing;
he, she, it;
abl. sing. hōc: on this account, in this respect;
the (with comp.);
hic . . . ille: the latter . . . the former.*
83
hom*ō, -inis
m.
human being, person;
pl.: humankind, humanity
84
host*is, -is
m. or f.
(public) enemy, enemy combatant;
pl.: the enemy
85
īdem, eadem, idem
demon. pron.
the same; this very;
īdem atque: the same as.*
86
ille, illa, illud
gen. illīus,
demon. pron.
that, that man, that woman, that thing;
he, she, it;
hic . . . ille: the latter . . . the former.*
87
in
prep.,
acc. & abl.
Acc.:
(1) into, to;
in, among;
toward, for, against;
at;
upon;
(2) time:
till, into;
for;
on, at;
(3) in, in respect to, for, under, over, on;
in diēs: from day to day;
in fugam conicere: to put to flight;
in Caesarem incidere: meet with Caesar; summum in cruciātum venīre: be punished with the severest torture.
Abl.:
(1) in, among, over, within, throughout, on, upon;
(2) time:
in, during, in the course of;
on;
(3) in, in the case of;
in consequence of, in view of;
on, upon;
in opere esse: be engaged in the work
88
inter
prep., acc.
(1) among, between;
(2) time: during;
(3) with refl ex. pron.: with, to, or from each other or one another,
inter sē differunt: differ from one another;
each other, one another.*
89
inter*fi ciō, -fi cere, -fēcī, -fectum
make away with, kill, destroy
90
interim
adv.
meanwhile, in the meantime
91
ipse, ipsa, ipsum,
gen., ipsīus,
intensive
pron.
self;
himself, herself, itself, themselves;
he, she, it, they;
as adj.: very;
in gen.: his, her, its, or their own
(Not reflex.; compare sē.)*
92
is, ea, id
gen. eius,
weak demon. pron.
this, that, these, those;
he, she, it, they;
as is locus quō: a or the place where;
ea quae: (the) things which;
eō, with comp.: the;
eō magis, all the more.*
93
ita
adv.
so, thus, in this way;
as follows;
ut . . . ita: in proportion as . . . in such proportion as/as . . . so;
nōn ita: not so very, not very;
ita . . . ut: just . . . as/so . . . that
94
iter, itineris
n.
route, road;
march;
iter facere: march, travel;
magnīs itineribus: by forced marches
95
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussum
order, command, enjoin, bid
96
lātus
see ferō
97
lēgāt*us, -ī
m.
ambassador, envoy, legate;
lieutenant
98
legi*ō, -ōnis
f.
a legion
99
litt er*a, -ae
f.
a letter of the alphabet;
pl.:
letters;
letter, written message
100
loc*us, -ī
m.
(pl. loc*a, -ōrum, n.)
place, position, situation;
topic;
condition, state;
rank, family;
opportunity;
obsidum locō: as hostages
101
longē
adv.
far, far away, distant,
longē lātēque: far and wide
102
long*us, -a, -um
adj.
distant, long;
of long duration;
tedious
103
magn*us, -a, -um
adj.
large, big, great, much;
important, extensive;
loud (voice);
high (tide);
magnī (gen. sing. n.): of great importance;
magnīs itineribus: by forced marches
Comp.: maior;
superl.: maximus.
104
māior, maius
adj.
larger, bigger, greater;
older;
as noun: maiōrēs natū, elders, old men;
maiōrēs: ancestors
105
man*us, -ūs
f.
(1) hand;
manū: by hand, by art;
(2) an armed force, troop, band, gang, company
106
mīl*es, -itis
m.
soldier;
infantry;
mīlitēs imperāre: draft soldiers from
107
mīlle
indecl. num. adj.
a thousand;
pl.:
mīli*a, -ium, n.: thousands (usually followed by a partitive gen.);
mīlia passuum: thousands of paces, miles.
108
minus, adv. comp.
less;
not at all, too little
109
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missum
send, send off, dismiss, let go, dispatch;
hurl.
110
mor*s, -tis
f.
death;
sibi mortem cōnscīscere: commit suicide
111
multitūd*ō, -inis
f.
a great number, multitude;
the common people
112
mult*us, -a, -um
adj.
much, great;
pl.: many;
with abl. expressing time: late;
as noun, many persons or things;
comp.:
plūs, plūris: more;
pl.: more, several, many;
superl.:
plūrimus, -a, -um: most;
pl.: very many
113
nam
conj.
for
114
nāv*is, -is
f.
ship, boat;
nāvis longa: warship;
nāvis onerāria: transport ship
115
nē
(1), conj. with subjunctive: that . . . not,
so that . . . not, in order that . . . not, lest;
after verbs of fearing: that, lest
(2), adv. not; nē . . . quidem (enclosing the emphatic word), not even.*
116
-ne
interrog.
enclitic:
in direct questions: simply the sign of a question;
in indirect questions:
whether;
-ne . . . -ne, -ne . . . an, utrum . . . -ne, whether . . . or.*
117
nec, neque
conj.
and not, not, nor;
but not;
neque . . . neque: neither . . . nor.*
118
Nervi*us, -a, -um
adj.
of the Nervii;
pl.: the Nervii, a Belgic tribe
119
nihil
indecl. noun, n.
nothing;
with gen.: no, none of;
acc. as adv.: not, not at all, by no means
120
noctū
adv.
by night, at night
121
nōn
adv.
not;
no.*
122
nos*ter, -tra, -trum
poss. adj.
our, ours, our own;
pl.: our men, our troops
123
nox, noctis
f.
night;
media nox:
middle of the night, midnight;
multā nocte: late at night
124
nūll*us, -a, -um
gen. nūllīus,
adj.
not any, no;
as noun: no one, none;
nōn nūllus:
some;
pl.: some, some persons.
125
numer*us, -ī
m.
number, quantity, amount;
account
126
omn*is, -e
adj.
all, every, all the, every kind of, the whole, as a whole;
m. pl.: all, every one; all the rest;
n. pl.: all possessions or goods.
127
oppugnāti*ō, -ōnis
f.
a storming, siege, assault;
plan of attack
128
ōrd*ō, -inis
m.
row;
rank, line of soldiers;
arrangement, order
129
Orgetor*īx, -īgis
m.
Orgetorix, Helvetian noble and conspirator
130
par*s, -tis
f.
part, share;
(political) faction;
direction, side, place;
district, area
131
pass*us, -ūs
m.
a pace, step, stride, a distance of five Roman feet (= 4 feet, 10 ¼ inches U.S.);
mīlle passūs or passuum, a Roman mile (4,857 feet U.S.).
132
per
prep. acc.
through, throughout;
by means of, through the agency of, on account of, through the efforts of;
per sē, of their own accord, on their own responsibility;
sometimes with intensive force: in itself, themselves
133
perīcul*um -ī
n.
trial, test, attempt;
risk, danger, peril
134
per*suādeō, -suādēre, -suāsī, -suāsum
convince, persuade, prevail upon
135
per*tineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentum
extend;
pertain, have reference to, concern;
tend, aim at;
eōdem pertinēre: tend to the same purpose or result, amount to the same thing
136
per*veniō, -venīre, -vēnī, -ventum
come to, arrive at, reach;
of property, fall, revert
137
petō, petere, petīvī, petītum
seek, hunt for, aim at, make for, attack,
go to, direct one’s course toward;
seek to obtain, strive after;
ask, request, beg
138
plēr*īque, -aeque, -aque
adj. pl.
very many, the most of;
as noun: a great many, very many
139
plūrimus or plūs
see multus
140
popul*us, -ī
m.
the people, the mass, the crowd;
a people, a nation
141
possum, posse, potui, —
be able, can;
have power or influence, have strength, be strong;
with quam and superl.: as possible, e.g., quam plūrimās possunt, as many as possible;
multum posse, plūs posse and plūrimum posse, see multum.*
142
premō, premere, pressī, pressum
press, press upon, press hard;
oppress, burden, annoy, harass
143
prīmum
adv.
first, at first, in the first place, for the first time;
cum prīmum or ubi prīmum: as soon as
quam prīmum: as soon as possible, very soon
144
prīm*us, -a, -um
adj., superl.
first, foremost; first part of;
pl.: the first, the front rank or ranks;
leaders, chiefs;
in prīmīs: especially.*
145
prō
prep., abl.
before, in front of;
for, on behalf of;
on account of, in consideration of, in return for;
as, in the disguise of;
in place of, instead of;
in proportion to, according to
146
proeli*um, -ī,
n.
battle, contest, engagement;
proelium committere: join or begin battle, risk a fight, engage in battle, fight
147
proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus
sum
set out for, start out;
go, proceed
148
prōvinci*a, -ae
f.
province;
also the Province
149
proxim*us, -a, -um
adj., superl.
nearest, next;
last, previous;
with acc.: next to.*
150
pūblic*us, -a, -um
adj.
of the state or people, common, public;
n. as noun: public, public view;
rēs pūblica:
the state;
the Roman Republic
151
pugn*a, -ae
f.
fight, battle, contest;
genus pugnae: method of fighting
152
pugn*ō
1
fight, engage in battle, contend;
strive;
often impers., as pugnātur:
it is fought, i.e., they fight.
153
quā
adv.
by which way or route;
in which place, where.
154
quant*us, -a, -um
adj.
(1) interrog.,
how much? how large? how great?
what?
quantum: as adv., how much?
(2) rel. pron., as much as, as;
quantum as adv.: as much as, as
155
-que
enclitic conj.
and;
-que . . . -que: both . . . and
156
quī, quae, quod
rel. pron. (see also, quis)
who, which, what;
often implying an antecedent, he, she, or it who, those who;
equivalent of the demon: this or that;
quam ob rem: for which reason (wherefore);
quem ad modum: in what manner, how, as
157
quīdam, quaedam, quiddam
and
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam,
indef. pron.
a certain one, someone;
a certain, some, a;
a kind of.*
158
quis, quid
and
quī, quae, quod
(1) interrog. pron.
who? which? what?
quam ob rem: why?
quem ad modum: how?
(2) indef. pron.,
especially after sī, nisi, nē, num: anyone, anything, any;
somebody, something, some.*
159
quisque, quidque
and
quisque, quaeque, quodque
universal indef. pron.
each one, each;
everyone, all.*
160
re*cipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptum
take or get back, recover;
admit, receive, receive in surrender or submission;
admit of, allow;
with sē: withdraw oneself, retreat, escape, flee, run back;
recover oneself
161
rēgn*um, -ī
n.
royal authority, absolute power;
despotism;
kingdom
162
re*linquō, -linquere, -līquī, -lictum
leave behind, abandon;
pass.: be left , remain
163
reliqu*us, -a, -um
adj.
left, remaining, the rest, the rest of;
future, subsequent;
n. noun: remainder, rest
164
rēs, reī,
f.
of indef. meaning;
variously translated according to
context;
thing, object, matter, event, affair, occurrence;
circumstance, case;
act, action, deed;
reason, ground;
rēs familiāris: property;
rēs frūmentāria: supplies;
rēs mīlitāris: warfare;
novae rēs: revolution;
rēs pūblica: state; the Roman Republic;
rēs actae: deeds achievements;
quam ob rem: see quī and quis
165
Rhēn*us, -ī
m.
the river Rhine
166
Rhodan*us, -ī
m.
the river Rhone
167
Rōmān*us, -a, -um
adj.
Roman
168
sal*ūs, -ūtis
f.
welfare, security, safety;
deliverance;
place of safety;
life (when in danger)
169
sē
see suī
170
sed
conj.
but, but yet
171
sī
conj.
if;
if by chance;
whether;
quod sī: but if, now if
172
sibi
see suī
173
sine
prep. with abl.
without
174
spēs, speī
f.
hope, expectation
175
suī (gen.),
sibi (dat.),
sē or sēsē (acc. or abl.)
reflex. pron. 3rd person
himself, herself, itself, themselves;
he, she, it, they, etc.;
inter sē: see inter.*
176
sum, esse, fuī,—
be, exist, live;
stay, remain;
serve for;
with gen. in predicate: be the mark or sign of;
belong to;
with dat.: have.*
177
summ*us, -a, -um
adj
highest, very high;
the top or highest part of;
preeminent, chief, supreme;
all
178
superior, -ius
adj.
(1) place: upper, higher, superior;
(2) time: previous, earlier, former
179
super*us, -a, -um
adj.
over, above
180
sus*tineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentum
hold up, sustain;
hold back, check, restrain;
hold out against, withstand, endure, bear;
hold out
181
su*us, -a, -um
adj., reflex. pronominal adj.
of or belonging to himself, herself, etc., his own, her own, its own, their own;
his, hers, its, theirs;
sua, n. pl. as noun: one’s property;
suī, m. pl. as noun: their men.*
182
tamen
adv.
yet, nevertheless, still, however;
at least
183
tant*us, -a, -um
adj.
so much, so great, so powerful, such
184
tēl*um,-ī
n.
missile, spear, javelin
185
temp*us, -oris
n.
a length of time, a time, time (in general); occasion, crisis;
omnī tempore: always;
ūnō tempore: at the same time, at once
186
ten*eō, tenēre, tenuī, tentum
hold, keep, occupy, possess;
hold in, restrain, bind;
sē tenēre: remain;
memoriā tenēre: remember
187
terti*us, -a, -um
ord. num.,
adj.
third
188
tōt*us, -a, -um,
gen. totīus,
adj.
the whole (of);
entire, all;
with force of adv.: wholly, entirely.*
189
trēs, tria
gen. trium
card. num.
adj.
three
190
tulī
see ferō
191
tum
adv.
then, at this or that time;
then, secondly;
then, also;
cum . . . tum: see cum.
192
turr*is, -is
f.
tower
193
ūn*us, -a, -um
gen. ūnīus
card. num.
adj.
one, the same one;
single, alone;
the sole, the only;
the sole or only one.*
194
ūs*us, -ūs
m.
use, experience, practice, skill;
service, advantage;
need, necessity;
ūsus est: there is need;
ūsuī esse or ex ūsū esse: be of advantage or service.
195
ut and utī
adv. and conj.
(1) as interrog. adv.: how?
(2) as rel. adv. and conj.: as, in proportion as, just as;
insomuch as;
as if;
(3) as conj.
(a) with the ind.: when, after;
(b) with the subjunctive: that, in order that, to; that, so that, so as to;
though, although;
after words of fearing: that not, lest.
196
uter, utra, utrum
gen. utrīus
adj.
(1) as interrog.: which one or which one of two;
(2) as rel.: the one who, of two, whichever.*
197
uterque, utraque, utrumque,
adj.
each of two, either of two;
both.*
198
ūt*or, -ī, ūsus sum
make use of, employ, use, avail oneself of, exercise;
have, enjoy, possess, experience, show;
adopt, accept;
ūsus, perf. part. often translated: with
199
velim or vellem
see volō
200
victōri*a, -ae
f.
conquest, victory
201
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsum
see, perceive, observe, examine, understand; see to, take care;
in pass.: be seen;
seem, appear;
seem proper, seem best
202
vir, virī
m.
man;
husband;
a man of distinction or honor
203
virt*ūs, -ūtis
f.
manliness, bravery, valor, merit, worth, courage, virtue;
strength, energy, force;
pl.: good qualities, merits, virtues
204
vīs, vīs
f.
force, might, energy, strength; violence, severity;
authority, power;
a force, a great number;
pl. vīrēs: strength, force;
vim facere: use violence.*
205
volō, velle, voluī, —
wish, be willing, want, desire;
prefer, choose;
intend;
mean
