High Yield Nutrition

Question 1

Purposes of Nutrition

Answer 1

1. Promotion of growth and development
2. Provision of energy
3. Regulation of metabolism

Question 2

What BMI is considered underweight?

Answer 2

< 18.5

Question 3

What BMI is considered normal?

Answer 3

18.5 - 24.9

Question 4

What BMI is considered overweight?

Answer 4

25 - 29.9

Question 5

What BMI is considered Obesity - 1?

Answer 5

30 - 34.9

Question 6

What BMI is considered Obesity - II

Answer 6

35 - 39.9

Question 7

What BMI is considered Morbid Obesity?

Answer 7

> /= 40

Question 8

How many kcal/g (Calories/g) are in proteins, carbs, fats, and alcohol?

Answer 8

Proteins = 4 Calories/g
Carbs = 4 Calories/g
Fats = 9 Calories/g
Alcohol = 7 kcal/g

Question 9

For adults, what is considered an acceptable macronutrient distribution for fats, CHO, and protein?

Answer 9

Fats = 20-35%
CHO = 45-65%
Protein = 10-35%

Question 10

How much sodium should adults consume on a daily basis and what percentage of added sugars should make up our total energy?

Answer 10

Sodium = < 2,300 mg/day

Added sugars should make up 25% or less of our total energy

Question 11

What monosaccharides make up the following disaccharides?

• Sucrose
• Lactose
• Maltose

Answer 11

Sucrose: glucose and fructose
Lactose: glucose and galactose
Maltose: glucose and glucose

Question 12

What would slow gastric emptying, make food satiety, and reduce glycemic index (load)?

Answer 12

Fiber (recommended amount is 20-35 g/day)

Question 13

What are the essential fatty acids and why are they essential?

Answer 13

Linoleic acid (18:2), alpha-linolenic acid (18:3), docosahexanoic acid (22:6), and eicosapentanoic acid (20:5); essential because the body cannot make omega 3’s or omega 6’s

Question 14

If a patient’s urine sample contains 5 grams of nitrogen, how many grams of protein would he need to be consuming to be considered healthy?

Answer 14

31.25 g or more; to be healthy, it is recommended to have a ratio of 1 g of Nitrogen for every 6.25 g of protein or more

Question 15

Why does counting calories typically lead to minimal weight loss?

Answer 15

Lots of estimation in what is eaten (portion sizes, content), estimation of what is burned, and estimation of how much is absorbed

Question 16

If a 75kg male is cycling for 1 hour and cycling is 8 MET’s, how many kcal/Calories did he burn in that hour?

Answer 16

600 kcal/Calories (8*75 = 600)

Question 17

What is absorbed in the duodenum, jejunum, and the ileum?

Answer 17

Duodenum: fat, iron, folate, sugars, peptides/AA’s, calcium, water, electrolytes

Jejunum: sugars, peptides/AA’s, calcium, water, electrolytes

Ileum: bile acids, vitamin B12, water, electrolytes

Question 18

What are the fat soluble and water soluble vitamins?

Answer 18

Fat: A (retinol/retinoic acid), D (calcitriol), E, K

Water: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folic acid), B12 (cobalamin), C (ascorbate)