hii Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is a Control Group?
The group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
Control groups are essential for comparing the effects of the experimental treatment.
What are Control Variables?
The variables you keep the same in an experiment.
Control variables help to ensure that the results are due to the independent variable.
Define Independent Variable.
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
The independent variable is what the researcher changes to observe the effects.
What is a Dependent Variable?
The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
The dependent variable is what is measured in the experiment.
What is Quantitative Data?
Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques used to analyze spatial location and association.
Quantitative data can be measured and expressed numerically.
Define Qualitative Data.
Descriptive data.
Qualitative data is often used to describe characteristics or qualities.
What step does every scientific experiment begin with?
Observation and questioning.
This initial step is critical for forming a hypothesis.
In the experiment testing the effects of type of exercise on heart rate, what is the dependent variable?
The heart rate.
The dependent variable is what the researcher measures to observe the effects of different exercises.
What are the three goals of science?
Describe, predict, explain.
These goals guide scientific inquiry and research.
True or False: A hypothesis can either be in the form of a statement or question.
False.
A hypothesis is typically a testable statement.
True or False: A scientist should be both skeptical and open-minded.
True.
This balance is essential for scientific inquiry and progress.
What are Ionic Bonds?
Formed when 1 or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Ionic bonds typically occur between metals and non-metals.
Define Covalent Bonds.
Electrons shared by 2 atoms that travel around the nucleus of both bonded atoms to be closer to an octet.
Covalent bonds are common in organic compounds.
What is Polarity in molecules?
Molecules having uneven distribution of charges (ex: water molecules).
Polarity affects the solubility and interaction of molecules.
What is an Ion?
Atom that has a positive or negative charge.
Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons.
What are Valence Electrons?
Electrons found in the outer electron shell around the nucleus of the atom.
Valence electrons are responsible for bonding between atoms.
What is an Isotope?
One of several forms of a single element, which contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Isotopes can have different physical properties but similar chemical properties.
