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Religion > Hinduism and Buddhism > Flashcards

Hinduism and Buddhism Flashcards

1
Q

Where was Hinduism found?

A

India

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2
Q

Whom did it begin ?

A

No individual founders, unique compared to the other major five religion that there is no one founder.

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3
Q

Sanatana Dharma

A

Eternal way, seeking the meaning of life is the eternal way; wherever they are seeking the meaning of life.

Ethical code of living life in order to achieve Moksha

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4
Q

What are the THREE basic views of the Ultimate Reality ?

A
  1. Cyclical - circle of existence, there is creation, expansion, contraction, destruction, and repeat; only thing that is eternal, no god who starts,ends, or keeps going, it will never end, basic atheistic view
  2. Philosophical - energy of the cycle or universe is called BRAHMAN, everything in the universe is energy; energy takes many forms, energy cannot be created or destroyed; Brahman is impersonal power energy force
  3. Personal -Brahman is the personal distinction, “god”
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5
Q

What are the Vedas ?

A

Scriptures of Hinduism

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6
Q

What is Upanishads ?

A

Philosophical material of the Vedas, life and reality in this philosophical perspective, everything is real or eternal is this energy or Brahman

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7
Q

What is Atman ?

A

The souls (Jiva = soul) special energy that is us, our very own essence, eternal soul of the individual

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8
Q

Brahma

A

Creator, “god”, creates the universe, sets things in motion, not widely worshiped in India

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9
Q

Vishnu

A

Preserver, when things go wrong he will incarnate himself and save the world; not always human being, sometimes an animal

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10
Q

Avatar

A

Used to describe Vishnu in his incarnated form

  • Buddha
  • Rama - ideal husband
  • Krishna - popular god in US
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11
Q

Shiva

A

Destroyer “god”; helps us destroy our evil thoughts and actions; destroy illusions that we think are eternal

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12
Q

Kali

A

Feminine forces embodied, worshiped as a primary “god”; embodies the essence of Brahman, not an avatar

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13
Q

Shakti

A

The female power force takes many forms (Kali is one); best way to understand the energy of the universe as female goddess

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14
Q

Ganesh

A

Elephant headed “god” son of Shiva and Provita; “god” of lost causes, overcomes obstacles

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15
Q

What is the Law of Karma ?

A

What goes around comes around, law of cause and effect, moral law of the universe, live in a moral, ethical universe, good bring good, bad bring bad,humans have the option of Karma

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16
Q

What is Samsara ?

A

Basic human life cycle (reincarnation); guided by the law of Karma

17
Q

World Affirming View

A

Do we live this life to live a better rebirth

18
Q

What are three basic things we can have in life to have a better rebirth ?

A
  1. Kama - pleasure in this goal in life; discover life and live to its fullest; enjoy life
  2. Artha - wealth/success, as long as you gain power, wealth and success without trampling on other people; if earned in destructive way then there are consequences
19
Q

All gods are a manifestation of ?

A

Brahman

20
Q

Doctrine of Eternal Sould

A

Soul has always existed and always will because in Brahman

21
Q

Who is Siddhartha Gautama ?

A

The Buddha

22
Q

Siddhartha witnessed four sights. What were they ?

A
  1. Old man
  2. Sick man
  3. Corpse
  4. A monk
23
Q

The Middle Way

A

The middle between both extremes of life; ascetic life and lavish life; a way of meditation, being kind to others

24
Q

Bodh Gaya

A

A religious site and place of pilgrimage associated with the Mahabodhi - Temple complex in Gaya district

25
Q

What are the FOUR Noble Truths?

A
  1. Life suffering - Dukkha, every person is suffering; people not satisfied with their life
    * doctrine of Anicca - impermanence, noting permanent to hold on to, changing never stay the same
  2. Tanha - cause of suffering is desires
  3. End suffering by ending desires
  4. Ending desires by following the Eightfold Path
26
Q

Ahimsa

A

Do no harm to any living thing

27
Q

When was Buddhism founded ?

A

Started in the 6th century

28
Q

Where did Buddhism begin?

A

India

29
Q

What are some difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?

A
  • Buddha rejected the idea of any eternal god or gods
  • rejected Vedas
  • rejected the caste system
  • rejected Atman/Jiva
30
Q

What are the three elements of the Eightfold Path

A
  1. Wisdom
  2. Morality-behavior
  3. Concentration
31
Q

Bhikku

A

Ordained male monastic

32
Q

Sangha

A

The Buddhist community of monks, novices, and laity

33
Q

The three refugees

A

In Tibetan Buddhism there are three refuge formulations, the outer layer, and secret forms of the three jewels

  • take refuge in the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha
34
Q

Theravada

A

Older form of Buddhism tradition upholds the monastic path paths and adheres the oldest surging record sayings of the Buddha; recognizes the primacy and humanity of the historical Buddha. Buddha was an exemplary figure; believed he was a man not “god”

35
Q

Mahayana

A

Philosophical movement that proclaimed the possibility of universal salvation;

Goal was to open Buddhahood to all sentiment beings

36
Q

Bodhistattavas

A

Helping others end suffering; helping them gain Nirvana; compassion for suffering individuals

37
Q

Theravada

A

Older form of Buddhism tradition upholds the monastic path paths and adheres the oldest surging record sayings of the Buddha; recognizes the primacy and humanity of the historical Buddha. Buddha was an exemplary figure; believed he was a man not “god”

38
Q

Mahayana

A

Philosophical movement that proclaimed the possibility of universal salvation;

Goal was to open Buddhahood to all sentiment beings

39
Q

Bodhistattavas

A

Helping others end suffering; helping them gain Nirvana; compassion for suffering individuals

Religion (1 decks)

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