HIP

Question 1

nutation

Answer 1

top of sacrum tips forward
-clockwise

Question 2

what movement occurs with nutation

Answer 2

lumbar extension

Question 3

counternutation

Answer 3

top of sacrum tips backward
-counterclockwise

Question 4

what movement occurs with counternutation

Answer 4

lumbar flexion

Question 5

bending loads break first on which side

Answer 5

tension side

Question 6

what creates the bending stresses in the femoral shaft

Answer 6

normal weight bearing of the HAT

Question 7

in which directions does the femur naturally curve

Answer 7

-out
-forward

Question 8

what sides of the femur have tension

Answer 8

-lateral
-anterior

Question 9

what sides of the femur have compression

Answer 9

-medial
-posterior

Question 10

what causes the stress line at the superior acetabulum

Answer 10

upright movement

Question 11

what causes the stress lines at the sit bone

Answer 11

sitting

Question 12

what causes the stress lines along the pubic ramus

Answer 12

-tensioned when sitting
-compressed when upright walking, etc.

Question 13

name the stress lines on the femoral head

Answer 13

medial compressive system

Question 14

name the stress lines on the greater trochanter

Answer 14

trochanter system

Question 15

name the stress lines moving from the femoral neck to the head

Answer 15

lateral tensile system

Question 16

name the area in the middle without stress

Answer 16

zone of weakness

Question 17

flexion arthrokinematics

Answer 17

pure spin about mediolateral axis of femoral head

Question 18

extension arthrokinematics

Answer 18

pure spin about the mediolateral axis of femoral head

Question 19

abduction arthrokinematics

Answer 19

superior roll inferior glide

Question 20

adduction arthrokinematics

Answer 20

inferior roll superior glide

Question 21

internal rotation arthrokinematics

Answer 21

anterior roll posterior glide

Question 22

external rotation arthrokinematics

Answer 22

posterior roll anterior glide

Question 23

3 closed chain movements

Answer 23

-anterior/posterior pelvic tilt
-forward/backward pelvic rotation
-left/right lateral pelvic tilt (hip drop)

Question 24

what plane of motion does anterior/posterior pelvic tilt occur in

Answer 24

sagittal

Question 25

what plane of motion does forward/backward rotation occur in

Answer 25

transverse

Question 26

what plane of motion does left/right lateral pelvic tilt (hip drop) occur in

Answer 26

frontal

Question 27

2 movements of anterior pelvic tilt

Answer 27

-hip flexion -lumbar extension

Question 28

2 movements of posterior pelvic tilt

Answer 28

-hip extension -lumbar flexion

Question 29

2 movements of left forward rotation

Answer 29

-right hip internal rotation (toe in) -lumbar left rotation

Question 30

2 movements of left backward rotation

Answer 30

-right hip external rotation (toe out) -lumbar right rotation

Question 31

3 movements of left hip drop

Answer 31

-right hip adduction -left hip abduction -lumbar right lateral flexion

Question 32

3 movements of right hip drop

Answer 32

-right hip abduction -left hip adduction -lumbar left lateral flexion

Question 33

max bony congruence of the hip

Answer 33

flexed, abducted, external rotation

Question 34

most stable position of hip

Answer 34

extension, slight abduction, internal rotation -extension further tightens capsular ligaments

Question 35

least stable position of hip

Answer 35

flexion, adduction

Question 36

the 3 capsular ligaments all get taut with ...

Answer 36

hip extension

Question 37

location of ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 37

posterior

Question 38

location of iliofemoral ligament

Answer 38

anterior superior

Question 39

location of pubofemoral ligament

Answer 39

anterior inferior

Question 40

iliofemoral ligament also gets taut with

Answer 40

hyperextension

Question 41

pubofemoral ligament also gets taut with

Answer 41

hip abduction

Question 42

which is the strongest ligament at the hip

Answer 42

iliofemoral

Question 43

ligamentum teres

Answer 43

-secondary stabilizer preventing dislocation -has innervation for pain sensation -conduit for blood supply

Question 44

what causes pelvic drop

Answer 44

weak abductor muscles

Question 45

more downwards tilt = smaller/larger angle of Wiberg

Answer 45

larger

Question 46

larger angle of Wiberg = larger/smaller load-bearing surface = more/less stress = increased/decreased risk of dislocation = larger/smaller ROM

Answer 46

-larger load-bearing surface -less stress -decreased risk of dislocation -smaller ROM

Question 47

inclination angle

Answer 47

angle from femoral neck to shaft

Question 48

coxa valga

Answer 48

high angle

Question 49

coxa vara

Answer 49

low angle

Question 50

coxa valga/vara has a larger moment arm

Answer 50

coxa vara

Question 51

coxa valga/vara generates more force

Answer 51

coxa vara

Question 52

coxa valga/vara has a bending load on the neck + why

Answer 52

coxa vara -because all the forces are on 1 end

Question 53

coxa valga/vara has less ROM

Answer 53

coxa vara

Question 54

anteversion

Answer 54

high angle, anterior femur

Question 55

retroversion

Answer 55

low angle, posterior femur

Question 56

anteversion occurs during coxa vara/valga

Answer 56

coxa valga

Question 57

retroversion occurs during coxa vara/valga

Answer 57

coxa vara

Question 58

anteversion causes internal/external rotation during gait

Answer 58

internal rotation (toe in)

Question 59

retroversion causes internal/external rotation during gait

Answer 59

external rotation (toe out)

Question 60

toe in causes

Answer 60

adductor moments at knee/ankle -overcompresses knee medial compartment -osteoarthritis

Question 61

toe out causes

Answer 61

compromised propulsion ability

Question 62

biarticular muscles

Answer 62

-biceps femoris long head -semimembranosus -semitendinosus -rectus femoris -gastrocnemius

Question 63

what are passive insufficiency questions always about

Answer 63

limited ROM

Question 64

what are active insufficiency questions always about

Answer 64

inability to generate force

Question 65

what causes passive insufficiency

Answer 65

tension/tightness in the muscles of the opposing motion