hip anatomy

Question 1

also known as os coxa. composed of ilium, ischium, pubis

Answer 1

hip bone

Question 2

largest of the three bones. forms 2/5 of the acetabulum

Answer 2

ilium

Question 3

forms posterior 2/5 of the acetabulum

Answer 3

ischium

Question 4

smallest of the three bones. anterior 1/5 of the acetabulum

Answer 4

pubis

Question 5

ilium

Answer 5

psis
piis
iliac crest
asis
aiis
acetabulum

Question 6

ischium

Answer 6

ischial spine
ischial tuberosity
ischial ramus
acetabulum

Question 7

pubis

Answer 7

superior pubic ramus
pubic tubercle
inferior pubic ramus
acetabulum

Question 8

formed by fusion of ilium, ischium, and pubis

Answer 8

acetebulum

Question 9

orientation of acetabulum

Answer 9

laterally, inferiorly, and anteriorly

Question 10

acetabulum is reinforced superiorly and posteriorly by

Answer 10

cortical bone

Question 11

periphery is thickened by fibrocartilage

Answer 11

acetabulum rim or labrum

Question 12

strongest and longest bone in the body

Answer 12

femur

Question 13

proximal end of femur consists of

Answer 13

head, neck, greater and lesser tubercle

Question 14

orientation of head of femur

Answer 14

angled anteriorly, superiorly, medially

Question 15

2/3 of femoral head is covered with articular cartilage except

Answer 15

fovea capitis

Question 16

designed to withstand high loads

primary and secondary compressive pattern, primary and secondary tensile pattern

Answer 16

trabecular bone

Question 17

point of weakness in the trabecular pattern; common site of osteoporotic fractures

Answer 17

ward’s triangle

Question 18

largest and most important hip extensor and external rotator

Answer 18

Gluteus maximus

Question 19

envelops the muscles of the thigh

Answer 19

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

Question 19

Injection upper outer quadrant, might paralyze patient if in any other spot, as it might hit the sciatic nerve

lurching gait

Answer 19

Gluteus maximus

Question 20

Counteracts the backward pull of the gluteus maximus on the ITB

Extends knee

Answer 20

Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)

Question 21

critical for balancing the pelvis during single leg stance

Answer 21

Gluteus medius

Question 22

AKA deltoid of the hip

Answer 22

Gluteus medius

Question 23

During single leg stance

Answer 23

3x bodyweight transmitted to the hip (2/3 generated by hip abductor mechanism)

Question 24

2 functional parts of Gluteus Medius

Answer 24

Anterior - flex, abduct, IR Posterior - extend and ER

Question 24

stand on one leg, and other hip dips down

Answer 24

Trendelenburg’s Test

Question 25

major internal rotator of the femur

Answer 25

Gluteus minimus

Question 26

Abducts thigh Pelvic support during single leg stance

Answer 26

Gluteus minimus

Question 27

external rotator at <60 degrees of hip flexion

Answer 27

Piriformis

Question 28

Piriformis during 90 deg hip flexion

Answer 28

internal rotator and abductor

Question 29

Piriformis is closely associated with this nerve

Answer 29

Sciatic nerve

Question 30

common source of buttocks and leg pain

Answer 30

Sciatic nerve

Question 31

Other short external rotators

Answer 31

Obturator internus Gemelli (Superior and Inferior) Quadratus femoris

Question 32

Most powerful hip flexor, weak adductor and external rotator Also a trunk flexor

Answer 32

Iliopsoas

Question 33

Iliopsoas

Answer 33

iliacus and psoas major muscle

Question 34

longest muscle in the body (sailor’s)

Answer 34

Sartorius

Question 34

adductor, flexor and IR of the hip

Answer 34

Pectineus

Question 35

hip flexor, abductor and ER some degree of knee flexion

Answer 35

Sartorius

Question 36

most commonly strained hamstring muscle

Answer 36

Biceps Femoris

Question 37

Division of Biceps Femoris

Answer 37

long head and short head

Question 38

only this head of the biceps femoris acts on the head

Answer 38

long head

Question 39

Other hamstring muscles

Answer 39

Semimembranosus Semitendinosus (part of Pes anserine)

Question 40

extend the hip together with posterior adductor magnus and gluteus maximus

Answer 40

All hamstring muscles (except for short head of BF)

Question 41

Hip Adductors

Answer 41

Adductor magnus Adductor Longus Gracilis Adductor brevis

Question 42

most powerful active in all motions except abduction

Answer 42

Adductor magnus

Question 43

considered functionally as a hamstring due to its anatomic alignment

Answer 43

Posterior portion of Adductor Magnus

Question 44

most prominent adductor during resisted adduction

Answer 44

Adductor longus

Question 45

most commonly strained adductor muscle Rider’s muscle

Answer 45

Adductor longus

Question 46

longest of the hip adductors most superficial and medial

Answer 46

Gracilis

Question 46

A sac filled structure that prevents friction of a soft tissue to the bone

Answer 46

BURSA

Question 47

largest and most constant bursa around the hip

Answer 47

Iliopsoas bursa

Question 48

Characteristics of Iliopsoas bursa

Answer 48

situated deep to the iliopsoas tendon serves to cushion the tendon from structures on the anterior aspect of the hip joint capsule

Question 49

3 bursae ( 2 major, 1 minor bursa)

Answer 49

Trochanteric bursa

Question 50

at the superoposterior tip of GT, prevents friction between gluteus medius and GT and also between gluteus medius and minimus

Answer 50

Subgluteus medius bursa

Question 51

between GT and gluteus maximus and TFL muscles

Answer 51

Subgluteus maximus bursa

Question 52

between ischium and gluteus maximus muscle

Answer 52

Ischiogluteal bursa

Question 53

AKA weaver’s bottom

Answer 53

Ischial bursitis

Question 54

Anterior Compartment of Thigh

Answer 54

Sartorius Iliacus Psoas Pectineus Quadriceps femoris - Rectus femoris -Vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius

Question 55

Medial compartment of thigh

Answer 55

Gracilis adductor longus adductor brevis adductor magnus obturator externus

Question 55

Posterior components of thigh

Answer 55

Hamstrings: Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus adductor magnus (hamstring portion)

Question 56

Neck-shaft angle

Answer 56

125 degrees Angle of inclination

Question 57

Femoral anteversion

Answer 57

15 degrees

Question 58

Blood supply to the femoral head

Answer 58

Lateral circumflex (anterior), medial circumflex (posterior), and obturator artery

Question 59

most important blood supply to femoral head

Answer 59

medial circumflex (posterior)

Question 60

arise from the medial circumflex artery (main, main supply of head)

Answer 60

Retinacular arteries

Question 61

from the obturator artery or medial femoral circumflex artery

Answer 61

Artery of the ligamentum teres