Hip Anatomy Flashcards
(24 cards)
Osteology
Innominate bone (Ilium, ischium, pubis)
Acetabulum
Lunate surface (articular surface)
Acetabular fossa (non-articular surface, fat pad)
Acetabular labrum
Acetabular notch (transverse ligament)
Innominate bone (Ilium, ischium, pubis)
Other
ASIS/AIIS,
Iliac crest
pubic tubercle and ramus,
PSIS
ischial tuberosity
Osteology
Femur
Head - Fovea (for ligament of the head)
Neck
Greater trochanter
(Insertion: Glut. Med & Min, Piriformis, Gemelli and Obt. Int.)
Lesser Trochanter
(Insertion: Iliopsoas)
Trochanteric fossa
- (Insertion: Obt. Ext.)
Osteology
Lines
Intertrochanteric line
(Capsule for the hip joint)
Quadrate line aka Calcar
(Insertion: quad. Fem.)
Pectineal line
(Insertion: pectineus, adduct brev)
Linea aspera
(insertion of adduct mag)
Medial lip
(insertion: Adduct long & brev; origin: vastus med)
Lateral lip
(origin: vastus lateralis)
Gluteal tuberosity
(insertion: glut max)
Myology
Iliopsoas
Gluteals
Sartorius
TFL
Piriformis
Add Mag
Add Long
Gracilis
Semi-Ten
Semi-Mem
Bicep
Bursae
Trochanteric
- (most commonly inflamed)
- One or more overlie the greater trochanter
- Reduces friction between the greater trochanter and the gluteals
- It is most extensive posterolateral where it underlies the glute max
*
Bursae
Ischiogluteal bursae
(affects people in wheelchairs who sit on them and have no additional muscle tone – bed sores)
Bursae
Iliopectineal bursa
Large
Overlies the anterior aspect of the hip joint and the pubis
Runs deep to iliopsoas as it crosses the hip joint
Often communicates with the hip joint anteriorly through a space between the pubofemoral and iliofemoral ligaments
Angiology
Femoral artery
w/in Femoral Triangle:
Inguinal Lig superiorly, Add long medially and sartorius laterally
Floor = pectineus and iliopsoas
Femoral artery and lymph glands are superficial to iliopsoas
Iliopectineal bursa and hip joint are deep to iliopsoas
Angiology
Medial and lateral femoral circumflex arteries
Run deep to synovial lining of the neck of the femur.
Therefore, are subject to interruption with a femoral neck fracture
Are intracapsular
Therefore joint effusion may interrupt flow
Neck of femur prone to avascular necrosis and/or osteochondrosis
Neurology
Branches from Obturator nerve, superior gluteal, nerve to quadratus femoris, and femoral nerve innervate hip joint
Ligaments
Iliofemoral
aka Y ligament of Bigelow
Lower part of AIIS and posteriosuperior rim of the acetabulum of ilium → spirals around the anteriorportion of the joint and attaches to the intertrochanteric line of the femur
Function
Checks EXT and IR
Strongest ligament in the Body!
Ligaments
Ischiofemoral
Posteroinferior rim of acetabulum of the ischium
Runs superolateral and attaches to femur on the posterosuperior surface of the neck (where it meets the greater trochanter)
Function
Checks EXT and IR
Ligaments
Pubofemoral
From pubis near acetabulum → runs inferolateral to attach to the femur just anterior to lesser trochanter
Function
Checks EXT(Magee) and IR and ABD
Ligaments
Ligamentum Teres
Ligamentum Capitis Femoris
Ligament of head of the femur
Area at acetabular notch and transverse ligament, lies in non-articular surface of acetabulum →runs up around the head of the femur to the fovea
Function
Checks ADD (mechanically unimportant)
Helps provide vascularization to the head of the femur and assist in joint lubrication – lined with synovium and acts like the meniscus of the knee, where it spreads synovial fluid over the articular surface of the head of the femur
Ligaments
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
Crosses acetabular notch to form a foramen for the acetabular artery (then becomes the artery of the ligament of the head of the femur)
Function
Forms a foramen for the acetabular artery
Prone to avascular necrosis
Cartilage
Acetabular Labrum:
Fibrocartilage extends from the rim of the acetabulum to allow it to enclose more than half of the femoral head
Increases congruency of joint.
Cartilage
Acetabulum:
Articular cartilage covers a horseshoe-shaped area; all
but the acetabular fossa, which is not articular and is lined with a fat pad
Cartilage
Femur:
Articular cartilage covers the entire head except for the fovea
AF Osteokinematics degrees of freedom
3:
flx/ext
abd/add
rot
AF Arthrokinematics convex on concave
Convex head of the femus on concave acetabulum
AF Resting
30 * Flx, 30 * Abd, slight ext rotation
AF Closed PAck
Extension, Abduction, Internal rotation
AF Capsular Pattern
Flx-Ab-Ir > Ext - AD - ER
