hip and pelvis Flashcards
(25 cards)
lateral pelvic tilt is on what plane what side moves what direction?
frontal plane: lateral side moves upwards
left transverse pelvic tilt indicates what direction of movement?
left side moves posterior
what plane is the angle of inclination of the femur?
what are the angles of it at birth vs adult
frontal plane.
infant: 150 deg
adult: 125 deg
decrease in angle of inclination so distal femur towards midline and knee closer together
coxa vara; genu valgum
purpose of normal of inclination
it puts abductors at its optimal position in hip to give max muscle strength bc it should be as far latreally from hip as possible to achieve muscle stability
what plane is angle of declination of femur formed by what axis?
transverse plane change of femur formed by axis of neck of the femur and transcondylar axis of the knee
increase in angle of inclination so distal femur is directed away from midline and knees further apart
coxa valga; genu varum
what are the external hip rotators? what is their other function?
they are ADDUCTORS too
Gleuteus maxmius obdurators adductors gemelli sartorius quadratus femoris piriformis
what are the internal hip rotators and are also what function?
gluteus medius and minimus, also hip abductors
what does anteversion mean
normal internal rotation
what forms the the neutral postiion of the hip
angle of declination of femur–>external rotation
soft tissue attached to HIP–>internal rotation
how do you calculate NFP? what does it help determine?
[EHR + IHR/2]-EHR
helps determine if abnormal toeing is due to femur itself or soft tissue contracture
if pt comes with abnormal NFP, but have tehe SAME NFP with hip flexed vs extended, wherre is the prob?
prob is at the femur twisting
if NFP is different with hip flexed vs extended, what is it due to?
soft tissue contracture, in the hip
for infants/1 yr/adult, what are the degrees of external to internal?
infants: 69-90 external, 30 deg internal
1 yr: 50-60 external; 30 internal
4+ yrs: 45/45
if the hip and knee are flexed what ligament/muscles are tightened? what motion does this limit?
ischiofemoral; abductors (gluteus min/med)
limits internal rotation or promotes external rotation
if hips extended and knee flexed , what ligaments and muscles does it tighten? what motion does it limit?
tightens iliofemoral, pubocapsular and ligamentum teres
ADDUCTORS
limits/decrease external rotation or promote internal rotation
what can tight hamstrings influence? what is it composed of?
external/internal leg rotation , patellar tracking in the knee
Medial and lateral components
what happens when there is a tight medial vs lateral hamstring?
in toe gait/patella that track medially (internal rotation)
lateral” out-toe gait/lateral tracking patella (lateral rotation_
when child comes in with into/out toe. what do you check first? then what?
1st check HIP (NFP to see if its soft tissue or bone) –>then check hamstrings, promote internal or external rotation
what is considered neutral position of adult hip
the position in which hip is neither externally rotated nor internally rotated:
so it is the position of same amt of external rotation as internal rotation
what does femoral anteversion in uterine position allow?
max rotation of hip in flexed position
where is the angle of inclination created from?
adducted position of femur
with NFP that is internal vs external represents what?
NFP internal: foot points inward
NFP external: foot points outward
