Hip Complex Lecture and Lab

Question 1

Iliofemoral ligament

Answer 1

Y ligament, superior, limits extension

Question 2

pubofemoral ligament

Answer 2

pubis-femur, limits: extension, ER and abduction, posterior capsule

Question 3

Ischialfemoral ligament

Answer 3

limits flexion, IR (some)

Question 4

Hip Joint amount of movement

Answer 4

allows 3 degrees of movement

Question 5

Depth?

Answer 5

is deeper than the shoulder, almost entire femoral head fits.

Question 6

What still grows past puberty in the hip?

Answer 6

the Acteabular fisures

Question 7

What is the ligament Teres?

Answer 7

A round ligament enters the fovea capitis in the femoral head, which allows blood vessels (obturator artery) to supply the femur.

Question 8

Osteonecrosis

Answer 8

when the ligament teres is damaged from a dislocation / subluxation of the femur.

Question 9

What parts of the labrum in the hip has nerve endings and arterial supply?

Answer 9

The superior and inferior parts (nerve) and 1/3 have adequate blood supply.

Question 10

Hydrostatic Pressure of the hip?

Answer 10

The labrum closes the joint, creating a vacuum to seal the head of the femur in the joint. This keeps fluid in the joint. It helps keep the hip from braking down and distribute the forces adequately.

Question 11

Center Edge Angle

Answer 11

Angle between
- vertical line from the center of the femoral head
-line connecting the center of the femoral head and the lateral rim of the acetabulum

Question 12

<16 Center Edge Angle

Answer 12

definite dysplasia (really small)

Question 13

16 to 25 Center Edge Angle

Answer 13

possible dysplasia

Question 14

> 25 Center Edge Angle

Answer 14

Normal

Question 15

> 40 Center Edge Angle

Answer 15

possible excessive acetabular coverage (coxa profunda or protrusion acetabular)

Question 16

Acetabular Dysplasia

Answer 16

Is

Question 17

Angle of Inclination

Answer 17

is the angle formed between the femoral neck and the shaft of the femur

Question 18

Normal Angle of Inclination

Answer 18

approximately 125 degrees
110 to 140 in children is normal
Load through life creates it.

Question 19

Coxa Valga

Answer 19

more than 140 degrees, increases the load on the bone, can cause arthritic changes, and changes in length-tension relationships of muscles and moment arm decreases. abduction

Question 20

Coxa Vara

Answer 20

less than 110 degrees, increases moment arm, abductors, stresses on head/neck of femur, and epiphyseal plate shearing forces. (bending forces)
can cause fracture and slipped femur head.

Question 21

Angle of torsion

Answer 21

twist of the whole femur. the degree of twist or rotation along the longitudinal axis of a bone, essentially measuring how much a bone is “twisted” relative to its normal alignment, most commonly used when discussing the femur (thigh bone) in the hip joint, where an abnormal angle of torsion can affect movement and potentially lead to joint issues like osteoarthritis; a higher angle is called “anteversion” while a lower angle is called “retroversion” when discussing the femur.

Question 22

version

Answer 22

is the position o the femur within the acetabulum

Question 23

Normal angle of torsion

Answer 23

10-20 degrees. For joint congruency.

Question 24

Anteversion

Answer 24

> 35 degrees increased IR and Decreased ER so the hip sits in more internal rotation to keep joint congruency

Question 25

Retroversion

Answer 25

less than 10 degrees, the patella sits outward, in more external rotation for joint congruency.

Question 26

Acetabular Labrum

Answer 26

shock absorber, creates negative pressure in the joint, increases depth by 20% more surface area for force distribution.

Question 27

Labral Tears Mechanism

Answer 27

anterior labral tears are more common, direct trauma, sports with frequent external rotation or hyperextension, twisting movements, hyper abduction, hyperextension, hyperextension with ER

Question 28

Labral Tear Symptoms

Answer 28

often deep groin pain can be trochanteric and buttock region, constant dull pain, periods of sharp pain, pain worsens with activity, and can be nighttime. Aggravated by walking, pivoting, prolonged sitting, and impact activities. Clicking, locking or catching or giving away can be reported (not significant) Range of motion not restricted but can be painful at end range.

Question 29

Osteoarthritis

Answer 29

the leading cause of disability worldwide.

Question 30

Osteoarthritis characteristics

Answer 30

degeneration of articular cartilage in synovial joints disease of the whole joint most common in the knee and hip cartilage cannot be regenrated comorbidities are common.

Question 31

Hip osteoarthritis common patient presentation 1

Answer 31

Hip internal rotation <15 degree Hip flexion <_ 115 degree Age > 50 years old

Question 32

Hip osteoarthritis common patient presentation 2

Answer 32

Hip internal rotation >- 15 degree Pain with hip internal rotation Duration of morning stiffness of hip less than or equal to 60 min Age > 50 years old

Question 33

Type 1 hamstring strain

Answer 33

high speed running usually involve the long head of the biceps femoris, most common at the proximal muscle-tendon junction.

Question 34

Type 2 hamstring strain

Answer 34

excessive lengthening of the hamstring in hip flexion with knee extension (kicking) typically located close to the ischial tuberosity and involves the proximal free tendon of semimembranosus

Question 35

Symptoms of a hamstring strain

Answer 35

Localized tenderness and swelling at the site of injury Ecchymosis Restricted knee extension and straight leg raise Palpapble divot in the injured hamstring Positive tripod sign

Question 36

High Hamstring tendonopathy

Answer 36

runners, athletes in sports with frequent change of direction, non-athletes Gradual onset Deep aches in the gluteal region, can radiate Pain worsens during or after repetitive activity Provoked by deeper hip flexion activities (squat) long periods of sitting, exessive stretching

Question 37

Femoral Neck Stress Fracture

Answer 37

Compressive fractures Hip/groin pain Oedema Pain worse with weight-bearing Point tenderness on palpation Painful and limited active and passive hip flexion, IR, and Extension Pain increases during activity Antalgic gait

Question 38

Hip Fracture

Answer 38

Severe groin pain anterior thigh pain and tenderness Osteoporosis Symptoms: pain limited mobility possible bruising hip might look twisted or rotated

Question 39

Femoral Acetabular Impingement Syndrom FAIS

Answer 39

Important cause of hip pain in young and middle-aged adults

Question 40

OKC Hip Flexion Arthro

Answer 40

anterior roll and posterior glide

Question 41

OKC Hip Extension Arthro

Answer 41

posterior roll and anterior glide

Question 42

OKC Hip Abduciton Arthro

Answer 42

lateral roll and inferior glide

Question 43

OKC Hip Adduction Arthro

Answer 43

medial roll and superior glide

Question 44

OKC Hip Internal Rotation Arthro

Answer 44

medial roll and posterior glide

Question 44

OKC Hip External Rotation Arthro

Answer 44

lateral roll and anterior glide

Question 45

CKC Hip Flexion Arthro

Answer 45

anterior roll and glide

Question 46

CKC Hip Extension Arthro

Answer 46

posterior roll and glide

Question 47

CKC Hip Abduction Arthro

Answer 47

lateral roll and superior glide

Question 48

CKC Hip Adduction Arthro

Answer 48

medial roll and inferior glide

Question 49

CKC Hip Internal Rotation Arthro

Answer 49

medial roll and anterior gilde

Question 50

CKC Hip External Rotation Arthro

Answer 50

lateral roll and posterior glide

Question 51

FAIS Cam morphology

Answer 51

"pistol grip" male predominant athletes have a higher prevalence Poor clearance of the femur in flexion and abduction