Hip Joint Flashcards
(84 cards)
1
Q
Os Coxae
A
made up of ilium, pubis, and ischium
2
Q
Os Innominatum
A
hip bone, os coxae; ilium, ischium, pubis, these 3 bones fuse together by age 16-17.
3
Q
Ilium
A
?
4
Q
Ischium
A
?
5
Q
Ischial Tuberosity
A
?
6
Q
Pubis
A
?
7
Q
Pubic Symphysis
A
?
8
Q
Pubic Crest
A
top arch of the hip bone
9
Q
Iliac Crest
A
?
10
Q
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
A
projection above the anterior superior
11
Q
Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
A
projection below the anterior superior
12
Q
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS)
A
180 opposite of anterior superior, backside of the hip bone, find pubi bone (tiny projection protruding out, then you know its on the outside along the crest
13
Q
Obturator Foramen
A
hole where the nerves and blood vessels go through
14
Q
Acetabulum
A
hip socket
where ilium, ishium and pubis have fused
ball socket joint
15
Q
Iliofemoral Ligament
A
Y shaped, ilio-ilium, femoral-femur, holds head of femor into head socket, very strong
16
Q
*Six Deep Lateral Rotators
Memorize
A
Piece goods often go on quilts 1. Piriformie, passes under greater sciatic notch, and therefore has ability to impinge on sciatic nerve 2. Gemellus Superior 3. Obturator Internus 4. Gemellus Inferior 5. Obturator Externus 6. Quadratus Femoris superficial>deep
17
Q
Head of femur
A
ball on top of femur bone
18
Q
Neck of femur
A
neck around ball of femur
19
Q
Shaft of femur
A
long part of bone
20
Q
Greater trochanter
A
false pelvis
outer ring
nub/ protrusion next to head of femur
21
Q
Lesser Trochanter
A
true pelvis
small ring
protrusion under greater trachanter
22
Q
Iliopsoas
A
most important for hip flexion above 90 degrees, especially front and side
hip flexor, lifts the leg
23
Q
Iliopsoas tendinitis
A
iliopsoas syndrom, bursitis
if it is tight and short, it will snap over the bones and causes inflammation, when you get that popping and irritation. Should use ice and rest.
24
Q
Sartorius
A
longest muscle in body
O-ASIS, anterior superior iliac spine
I-tibia
A-flexes, laterally rotates, abducts femur and flexes knee (polyarticular- articulates in more than one spot, crossing more than one joints)
25
Pectineus
medial muscle, short, flat muscle located just lateral to the adductor longus and partially covered by the rectus femoris and sartorius. Its proximal attachment is more anterior nd superior that the adductor longus or magnus, allowing it to act as a prime mover for both hip flexion and hip adduction through a large range
26
Gracilis
superficial, slender and long muscle that descends more vertically than the more oblique course of the other medial thigh muscles.
27
Adductor Magnus
(move toward the midline, large)
its name implies it is one of the largest muscles in the body, and both its proximal and distal attachments are extensive
28
Adductor Brevis
(move toward midline, short)
| smaller, deeper muscle that is located above and behind the longus
29
Adductor Longus
(move toward midline, long)
the most superficial of these three muscles and runs downward from the pubis to the linea aspera along the middle portion of the shaft of the femur
30
Rectus Femoris
Quadricep
O- anterior inferior iliac spine
I-tibis, via patellar ligament
A- flexes hip joint and extends knee joint
31
Vastus Medialis
```
inside of the thigh
Quadricep
O- femur
I-tibia, via patellar ligament
A-extends knee joint
```
32
Vastus Intermedius
!
33
Vastus lateralis
!
34
Gluteus Maximus
largest, most superficial of the gluteal muscles
35
Gluteus Medius
largest of the lateral muscles and is most fundamental hip abductor
36
Gluteus Minimus
deepest of the three
| assist with greater resistance or in specific positions of the joint
37
Iliotibial band (IT band)
a strong fascia of the lateral thigh that spans between the pelvis and lower leg
38
Tensor Fascia Latae
O- anterior outer crest of ilium; lateral aspect of ASIS
I-lateral tibia via iliotiial tract (a long tendon)
A- Abducts, flexes and medially rotates femur. plays an important role in keeping pelvis in a neutral position, and not laterally rotated or tilted.
***stabilizes the knee joint because it inserts on tibia. stabilizes the trunk on the leg by making the ilitibial tract taut.
39
Hamstring group
biceps femoris* why is it asterisked?
semitendinosus
semimembranosus
work horse, most important group
40
Biceps femoris
O-long head-ischial tuberosity
Origin of short head- middle of femur
I- head of fibula
A- flexes knee and extends thigh-ALSO laterally rotates lower leg when knee is flexed=control of turn out
-this muscle can be very tight at the insertion on the fibula. stretch by lying on back and using thera-band on flexed foot lifted to 90 degrees- try varying degrees of turn out during this stretch
knee flexion and knee external rotation
41
Semimembranosus
Hamstrings
O- ischial tuberosity
I- medial condyle of tibia
A- hip extension, hip internal rotation, knee flexion, knee internal rotation
42
Semitendinosus
```
Hamstrings
O-ischial tuberosity
I-medial condyle of tibia
A-flex knee and extend thigh
knee flexion and internal rotation
```
43
Femoral Retroversion
good turnout, femur is facing straight our or slightly out
44
Femoral Anteversion
this is bad turn out, when toes are slightly turned inward
45
Fofsa
flat area of inner hip bone. iliopsoas is by the fofsa
46
OOIA of 6 deep lateral rotators
O- anterior sacrum (inside of sacrum) (Piriformis only)
O-on the ischium (all but piriformis)
I- greater trochanter (all)
A- laterally rotates extended thingh (all)
47
hip picture on 49
http://remedialmassagewaterloo.files.wordpress.com/2010/07/piriformis.jpg?w=300&h=287
48
differences between male and female pelvis
Femail- broader and wider
| male- narrower and deeper
49
true pelvis
lesser
50
false pelvis
greater
51
inguinal ligament
joins pubic bone to ilium, is a ligament because when your brn your pelvis is not fully fused
52
Ballet is differentiated from all other forms of dance by the use of?
turn out
53
turn out provide
stability, range of motion, elongation of muscles
54
*genetic constraints on turn out
| MEMORIZE
1. angle of femoral neck and angle at which head of femur is inserted into the socket
2. orientation and depth of the socket itself
3. elasticity of the iliofemoral (Y-shaped) ligament
4. Flexibillity of muscles around the hip and thigh
55
How much rotation occurs in hips?
70% is in the hips, what they cant get in the hip they get in the knee down
56
How much takes place in lower leg and ankle
20%
57
how can dancers increase range of motion without injury
stretching the antagonist that would keep you from turn outand strengthening the agonist
58
What muscles activate turn out?
roles of:
Gluteals- actively engaged also engage deep rotators
Deep Outward rotators-
Sartorious-synergistic muscle that helps the quad maintain rotation
iliopsoas-if its short will pull tings inward, if long will allow the other muscles do the turning out
hamstrings-work in circular fashion, hamstring wrap around leg mentally and actively help turn out stay put
59
Square hips in tendu, arabesques, high leg extensions?
No, not possible
60
proximal is same as
origin
61
distal attachment is same as
insertion
62
extension in arabesque? involvement in lordosis?
if it is long and stretched out, then it will help with extension in arabesque, short it will not go as high and will pull the back into lordosis, shortening the back
63
placement of pelvis
abdominals and gluteals
| Both needed for correct placement of pelvis
64
abdominals
holds pelvis vertically
65
gluteals
feeds into IT band
66
adductors
```
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus-deepest
gracilis
pectineus
```
67
adductors
gluteus medius
| gluteus minimus
68
lateral muscles of the hip
gluteus medius
| gluteus minimus
69
tensor fasciae latae
TFL Muscle
| why is it important?
70
medial muscles of the hip
```
inner thigh muscles
adductors
-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
-adductor magnus
-petineus
-gracilis
```
71
study figure 4.13 and 4.14 on pg 176-177 in DAK
!!
72
Rectus Femoris
the kicking muscle
O-anterior inferior iliac spine (little below sartorius)
I-on the tibia, inserts with the quadriceps tendon, attaches on to the tibia bone
A-1. extends the knee
2. flexes the hip
73
Sartorius
```
the tailor's muscle
O-anterior superior iliac spine (slightly above rectus femoris)
I-inside of the tibia, medial side
A-1. hip flexion
2. hip abduction
3. hip external rotation
4. knee flexion
```
74
anterior inferior spine
1
75
crest of pelvis
2
76
posterior iliac spine
3
77
acetabulum
4
78
pubic crest
6
79
ischium and or ischium tuberosity
7
80
greater sciatic notch
5
81
fossa
8
82
KNOW**
which muscles are abductor vs adductors
ligaments that surround or within the hip joint (163) (iliofemoral ligament, pubofemoral ligament, and ischiofemoral ligament)
femoral retroversion vs femoral interversion
83
abductors
extend the leg
84
at what age do the bones become fused together?
16-17
