HIS Roman Kingdom Flashcards
(18 cards)
Ethnic structure of Roman Kingdom
Etruscans - N. Italy 1200BCE
Greeks - S. Italy + Sicily 800BCE (Megale Hellas/Magna Graecia)
Indoeuropean tribes - Latin/Sabines
Conditions Roman Kingdom
Cities - autonomic units
Achievements: canals/aqueducts, foundation of cities with massive walls
-Advanced arts/crafts (metallurgy)
The Tiber River’s strategic importance (City Rome)
City is located near Tiber due to it was served as an important connection with Tyrrhenean Sea
Legends of Aeneas, Romulus, and Remus (City Rome)
Aeneas arrived to Italy, his descendants, Romulus and Remus, founded Rome on 21st April 753 BCE
archaeological founding date of Rome
advanced settlement in mid-8th century BCE
Who lived in hills near Rome
Etruscans, Latins and Sabines
List all eight kings that ruled Rome
- Romulus (with Sabinian king Titus Tacius as co-ruler)
- Numa Pompilius
- Tullus Hostilius
- Ancus Marcius
- Tarquinius Priscus
- Serius Tullius
- Tarquinius Superbus
The origin of the fifth king (Tarquinius Priscus)
arrived in Rome from Etruscan city of Tarquinia => Etruscan kings
The Senate’s composition and function
advisory institution of the kings, formed by members of the significant Houses
Concepts of Patricia potestas and Ius vitae necisque
Absolute power of a father
= right of life and death
Causes of Reforms by Servius Tullius
Uneven land division and arrival of foreigners (Greeks, Sabines, Etruscans), leading to cultural influence.
(less citizens paying taxes)
What was the duty of each group in the Census system
Each groups was obliged to provide a certain number of centuries (centuriae) in the army and based on the number of centuries,
Voting power weighted by centuriae provided. The wealthiest held the most power. It elected officers, passed laws, and decided on war/peace.
The census system and wealth-based division into six groups
Counted citizens’ wealth and divided them into six property-based groups
The wealthy classes’ motivations for expulsion
Wealthy classes sought political influence and saw the king as an obstacle.
What is linked to property in census system
Political rights and military duties based of the property and wealth
The Centuriate Assembly’s power structure and functions
It became the most significant political institution
-> Electing the officers, adoption of laws, matters of war and peace
Voting power weighted by centuriae provided. The wealthiest held the most power. It elected officers, passed laws, and decided on war/peace.
Tarquinius Superbus’ scandals and unpopular policies
Scandals (e.g., rape of Lucretia), forced labor for royal projects. (building royal structures)
Consequences of Tarquinius’ reign
Expulsion in 510 BCE
The permanent Roman aversion to monarchy post-510 BCE
