Histology

Question 1

External respiration occurs in

Answer 1

Lungs

Question 2

Internal respiration occurs in

Answer 2

Hemoglobin

Question 3

Shift of epithelial lining at entrance of nasal cavity

Answer 3

Keratinized squamous epithelium to pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

Question 4

Predominant cells in respiratory epithelium

Answer 4

Ciliated columnar cells
Goblet cells
Basal cells

Question 5

Cells in trachea and bronchi

Answer 5

Clara cells

Question 6

Function of Clara cells

Answer 6

secrete surfactant

Question 7

Function of brush cells

Answer 7

Sensory receptor cells

Question 8

Function of surfactant

Answer 8

Lower surface tension –> maintain inflation of alveoli

Question 9

Epithelia of nostril

Answer 9

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 10

Epithelia of respiratory segment

Answer 10

Respiratory epithelium

Question 11

Epithelia of olfactory segment

Answer 11

Olfactory epithelium

Question 12

Quantity of cartilage as we get to alveoli

Answer 12

Decrease in cartilage as getting to alveoli –> increase in smooth muscle
Decrease in cartilage –> decrease in goblet cells

Question 13

How do olfactory glands look under microscope

Answer 13

Dark brown-red

Question 14

What lacks olfactory segments

Answer 14

Goblet cells

Question 15

Most abundant characteristic of olfactory segments

Answer 15

Nerve fibers

Question 16

Secretions of olfactory segments are serous or mucous

Answer 16

Serous (H2O and proteins)

Question 17

Function of watery secretions

Answer 17

Dissolve odorant molecules to facilitate detection

Question 18

Name of olfactory glands

Answer 18

Bowmnan’s glands

Question 19

Epithelium of larynx

Answer 19

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 20

What is at middle of larynx

Answer 20

Elastic cartilage

Question 21

Esternal to internal layers trachea

Answer 21

Adventitia - cartilaginous layer - submucosa - mucosa

Question 22

Submucosa of trachea contains

Answer 22

Tubuloacinar glands, seromucous glands

Question 23

Difference between bronchi (the main bifurcations of trachea) and trachea

Answer 23

Brinchi have plates rather than rings of cartilage + have a layer of smooth muscle between lamina propria and submucosa

Question 24

Number of glands and goblet cells increases or decreases as getting to alveoli

Answer 24

Decreases

Question 25

Epithelium in large bronchioles

Answer 25

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar

Question 26

Epithelium in terminal bronchioles

Answer 26

Simple cuboidal w/ mixed ciliated cells

Question 27

What lacks terminal bronchioles

Answer 27

Goblet cells

Question 28

Is there cartilage and glands in bronchioles

Answer 28

NO

Question 29

Where does gas exchange take place

Answer 29

Alveoli

Question 30

Mucosa structure

Answer 30

Spiral bundles of smooth muscle

Question 31

Submucosa structure

Answer 31

Loose - dense FECT

Question 32

Muscularis externa structure

Answer 32

Hyaline cartilage

Question 33

Adventitia structure

Answer 33

Loose FECT

Question 34

Alveoli look like under microscope

Answer 34

White spaces

Question 35

Function of type 1 pneumocytes

Answer 35

Gas exchange

Question 36

Function type II pneumocytes

Answer 36

Secrete surfactant

Question 37

Function of pulmonary macrophages

Answer 37

Phagocytosis

Question 38

Difference of type I pneumocyte and II under microscope

Answer 38

Type I have fuller inside than II

Question 39

Type I pneumocytes are

Answer 39

Simple squamous alveolar cells

Question 40

Which can proliferate and differentiate

Answer 40

Type II pneumocytes

Question 41

Where is surfactant stored

Answer 41

Lamellar bodies

Question 42

Macrophages under microscope

Answer 42

Brown-black in hemosiderin pigment

Question 43

Where are type I pneumocytes found

Answer 43

Beneath alveolar lining cells

Question 44

Where are pneumocytes type II found

Answer 44

Thick elastic fibers