Histology

Question 1

Superior hypophyseal arteries

Answer 1

Supply the pars tuberalis, the infundibulum, and the medium imminence; stems from the ICA

Question 2

Acidophiles

Answer 2

Somatotropes and Mammotropes

Question 3

Basophiles

Answer 3

Thyrotropes, Gonadotropes, and Corticotropes

Question 4

Herring Bodies

Answer 4

Storage vesicles of neurohypophyseal hormones

Question 5

Parafollicular cells

Answer 5

Secrete calcitonin; production is independent of pituitary control

Question 6

Chief Cells

Answer 6

Secrete PTH to increase levels of circulating Ca2+; independent of pituitary conrol

*Parathyroid gland also has oxyphil cells w/ unknown fnxn

Question 7

Embryological Origin of Adrenals

Answer 7

Medulla => Modified postganglionic sympathetic neurons that have lost their axons and dendrites
-Makes the medulla under direct CNS control

Cortex => Separate, mesodermal origin

Question 8

Adenohypophysis parts

Answer 8

Pars Distalis = largest part

Pars tuberalis = surrounds the neural stalk

Pars intermedia = division b/w the neurohypophysis; least developed

Question 9

Cells found in the seminiferous epithelium

Answer 9

Sertoli and Germ cells

Collectively called the germinal epithelium

Question 10

Ductus Efferentes

Answer 10

Creates a current that transports sperm to the ductus epididymis; consists of uneven pseudostratified columnar epithelial cell

*Absorbs most seminal fluid via non-ciliated epithelial

Ciliated epithelial fnxn to move sperm

Question 11

Ductus epididymis

Answer 11

Highly coiled site that fnxns to store and mature sperm; consists of pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Stereocilia will reabsorb leftover testicular fluid that made it thru the ductus efferentes; will also decapacitate sperm

Question 12

Vas deferens

Answer 12

Lined by ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Contains 3 layers of smooth muscle; middle layer is thick and circular

Question 13

Prostate Gland

Answer 13

Tubuloacinar gland w/ pseudostratified columnar epithelia

*Prostatic urethra= transitional epithelia

Question 14

Seminal Vesicle

Answer 14

Gland w/ primary and secondary mucosal folds that secretes viscous, fructose-rich fluid for sperm maturation

-Has inner circular smooth muscle and outer longitudinal

Question 15

Bulbourethral gland

Answer 15

A compound tubuloacinar gland enveloped in a fibroelastic capsule w/ skeletal AND smooth muscle

*Found in the UGD; is why there is skeletal muscle

Question 16

Graafian follicles

Answer 16

Contains a fluid antrum b/w the granulosa cells along w/ a theca interna and externa

(pre-ovulatory follicle)

Question 17

Corpus albicans

Answer 17

CT scar that is the remnant of the regression of a corpus luteum

Question 18

Blood supply to the stratum functionalis

Answer 18

Spiral arteries

Question 19

Blood supply to the stratum basalis

Answer 19

Straight arteries; branch of the arcuate arteries

Question 20

Uterine Epithelia

Answer 20

Simple columnar

Question 21

Vagina epithelia

Answer 21

Non-keratinized, stratified squamous

Question 22

Stratum functionalis during follicular phase

Answer 22

Coiled arteries are deep

CT is compact

Uterine glands are straight

Question 23

Stratum functionalis during luteal phase

Answer 23

Coiled arteries expand upwards

Epithelia undergoes hypertrophy

Uterine glands are coiled w/ increased carbohydrate content

Question 24

Mammary Glands

Answer 24

Compound tubuloalveolar glands that have an excretory lactiferous duct

• Terminal ducts branch from lactiferous ducts and develop alveoli at the ends
• Intralobular ducts receive initial milk?

Question 25

Which portion of the pituitary is bright on T1 weighted images?

Answer 25

The posterior pituitary * On T2, it is darker * Anterior pituitary is always isointense

Question 26

What radiological exam should be ordered for a patient presenting w/ testicular pain?

Answer 26

Ultrasound *Doppler flow can exclude testicular torsion

Question 27

On what sequence is fat bright?

Answer 27

T1

Question 28

On what sequence is fluid bright?

Answer 28

T2 *Think H2O

Question 29

Pituicytes

Answer 29

Cells of the neurohypophysis

Question 30

Spongiocytes

Answer 30

Found in the zona fasciculata; contain lipid vacuoles CHARACTERISTIC OF THIS REGION; look closely, they're small

Question 31

Most common imaging modality for reproductive

Answer 31

Ultrasound

Question 32

Hysterosalpingogram

Answer 32

Tests for patency of the Fallopian tubes; contrast will appear in the ovaries

Question 33

Mammography screening standard image

Answer 33

Crainocaudal (CC) and Mediolateral oblique (MLO)

Question 34

BI-RADS CATEGORIES

Answer 34

BI-RAD 5 are highly indicative of malignancy

Question 35

Pars intermedia

Answer 35

Division b/w anterior and posterior pituitary ; contains colloid-filled cysts

Question 36

Corpora arenacea

Answer 36

"Brain sand" Radiological landmark for the pineal gland