Histology

Question 1

What muscle causes the hair shaft to stand on end?

Answer 1

erector pili muscle

Question 2

What is the difference in function between a pacinian corpuscle and Meissner’s corpuscle?

Answer 2

pacinian corpuscle - deep pressure

meissner’s corpuscle - light tough

(Ruffini corpuscles - sensitive to skin stretch, useful for finger movement and grip)

Question 3

What are the layers of the dermis?

Answer 3

papillary dermis

reticular dermis

Question 4

What are the layers of epidermis and dermis forming the dermal-epidermal junction?

Answer 4

papillary dermis

stratum basale

Question 5

What junctional complex present in the stratum spinosum is affected in pemphigus?

Answer 5

desmosomes

Question 6

Name the type of cartilage in this image

Answer 6

elastic - look for dark elastin fibres

found in external ear and epiglottis

Question 7

What are the four stages of fracture repair?

Answer 7

inflammation

soft callus

hard callus

remodelling

Question 8

What is the function of a Merkel cell?

Answer 8

sensory receptor

Question 9

Name a disease in which the concentration of salt is increased in sweat

Answer 9

cystic fibrosis

Question 10

Why is osteoporosis in cystic fibrosis patients more common in populations in higher latitudes?

Answer 10

CF patients inadequately absorb Vitamin D which results in bone disease and osteoporosis

Vitamin D exposure less at higher altitudes

Question 11

What are the key differences between thick and thin skin?

Answer 11

thick skin - thinner dermis, no sebaceous glands or hairs, 5 layers