Histology of the Oral Cavity and Salivary glands Flashcards

1
Q

What is oral mucosa composed of?

A
  • stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium
  • underlying connective tissue
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2
Q

regions encountering abrasive/shearing forces (especially lips, gingiva and hard palate)have what modification?

A

a partially cornified to completely cornified modification

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3
Q

What are the three major salivary glands? What type are each?

A
  • parotid - serous
    - submandibular- mixed (serous/mucous)
         - sublingual – mucous (largely)
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4
Q

What are the salivary products?

A

salivary amylase

lactoferrin & lysozymes

secretory immunoglobulin – IgA

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5
Q

What does salivary amylase do?

How about lactoferrin and lysozymes?

A
  1. breaks down carbs
  2. antibacterial activity
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6
Q

Where are the minor salivary glands located?

A
  • located in CT elements of oral mucosa
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7
Q

What is the largest salivary gland?

What percent of the salivary volume does it account for?

What is the primary product?

A

The Parotid gland

25%

salivary amylase

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8
Q

What type of tissue may be noted in significant amounts in the parotid?

A

adipose tissue

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9
Q

_________:

-accounts for ≈70% of salivary volume

(along with sublingual salivary gland)

  • mixed gland, but mostly serous
  • contains serous demilunes
  • serous cells - salivary amylase

(breaks down carbohydrates)

-mucous cells - secrete mucins

(lubricates food bolus)

A

Submandibular gland

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10
Q

________________:

-accounts for ≈70% of salivary volume

(along with sublingual salivary gland)

  • mixed gland (like submandibular)
  • but mucous component much larger
  • contains serous cells, mucous cells,& serous demilunes

-products same as submandibular gland

A

Sublingual gland

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11
Q

What are the three regions of the lip?

A

external aspect

vermillion zone

internal aspect

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12
Q

_____________:

  • always wet
    - stratified squamous wet epi.
    - dense, irregular CT underlying
    - many minor salivary glands
    - (mostly mucous)
A

internal aspect of lip

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13
Q

__________:

  • pink region of lip
    - extensive dermal papillae
    - capillary loops impart color
    - devoid of hair & sweat glands
    - need to wet lips with tongue
A

vermilion zone

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14
Q

________________:

  • covered with normal (thin) skin
    - continuous with vermilion zone
A

external aspect of lip

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15
Q

What are the 3 calcified substances the tooth is composed of?

A

Enamel
Dentin
cementum

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16
Q

How many sets of teeth do humans have?

A

2

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17
Q

How many deciduous (milk) teeth do we have?

A

20

18
Q

Describe the two types of adult teeth. How many of each?

How are they distributed?

A

20 succedaneous teeth
12 molars

-evenly distributed between maxilla & mandible

19
Q

Anatomy of tooth

crown -
root -

      (alveolus –  \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_)

cervix -

A

Anatomy of tooth

crown - visible portion of tooth
root - region housed within alveolus

      (alveolus – bony socket into which tooth fits)

cervix - portion between crown and root

20
Q

Identify

A

Pulp space/pulp chamber

root canal

21
Q

What passes through the apical foramen?

A

blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves

22
Q

what is the periodontal ligament made of? What does it do?

A

-dense collagenous CT which binds tooth in socket

23
Q

__________:

tough mucous membrane exposed to

strenuous forces

stratified squamous epithelium

(either partially or fully cornified)

dense, irregular connective tissue
principal fiber groups formed by type I

collagen fibers

A

Gingiva (gums)

24
Q

How are the gums attached to the teeth?

A

by hemidesmosomes at the enamel surface

25
Q

___________:

  • bony, immovable, rigid structure composed of:
    - stratified squamous epithelium
    - cornified or partially cornified
    - dense, irregular collagenous CT
    - anteriorly, displays clusters of adipose cells
    - posteriorly, minor salivary glands (mucous)
A

Hard Palate

26
Q

_____________:

  • stratified squamous noncornified epithelium
  • subjacent dense, irregular CT, minor mucous salivary glands
A

Soft palate

27
Q

_________________: -posterior-most extension of soft palate

A

Uvula

28
Q

What cell type lines the uvula? What does the uvula contain? (three things)

A
  • lined by stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium
  • contains mix of: serous & seromucous glands
                       muscular tissue
29
Q

What are the functions of the uvula?

A

-helps create several guttural & other sounds

(though not common in English)

-also functions during swallowing

helps prevent reflux into nasal cavity

30
Q

The tongue is highly vascular and contains numerous glands, both serous and mucous. What are the names of these glands?

A

Mucous – glands of Nuhn

Serous – von Ebner’s glands

31
Q

What are the 4 groups of intrinsic tongue muscles?

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse

32
Q

The tongue is divided into two regions, describe how. What separates them? One region contains some stuff. Describe it.

A
  • anterior 2/3
    • posterior 1/3
        separated by sulcus terminalis
      
        contains deep concavity
      
        foramen cecum
33
Q

Dorsal surface of the tongue is covered by papillae on the anterior 2/3

The lingual papillae classified into four types:

?

?

?

?

A
  • filiform papillae
    - fungiform papillae
    - circumvallate papillae
    - foliate papillae
34
Q

__________________________:

  • covered by stratified squamous non-cornified
  • red dots distributed among filiform papillae
  • color due to blood in subepithelial capillaries

have taste buds on dorsal aspect of “cap”

A

Fungiform Papillae

35
Q

_________________:

  • numerous slender structures
  • impart velvety appearance to dorsal surface
  • stratified squamous cornified epithelium
  • function in scraping food off a surface do not have taste buds
A

Filiform papillae

36
Q

______________________:

  • located along posterolateral aspect of tongue
  • appear as vertical furrows
  • have functional taste buds in neonate
  • taste buds usually degenerate by 2nd or 3rd year of life
  • slender ducts of serous minor salivary glands empty into base of furrows
  • glands located in core of tongue
A

Foliate papillae

37
Q

_____________________:

  • 8-12, in V-shape anterior to sulcus terminalis
  • surrounded by epithelially lined groove
  • salivary glands of von Ebner open into groove
  • continually wash out groove
  • taste buds
    within epithelial lining of groove and side not on dorsum
A

Circumvallate papillae

38
Q

Taste Buds are Intraepithelial sensory organs that…

  • function in perception of taste
  • number »3000 on surface of tongue

(& posterior aspect of oral cavity)

  • distinctly paler than surrounding epithelium
  • oval structure ≈70-80mm long, 30-40mm wide

What kind of cell shape do you find in them? Where does the taste pore open onto?

A
  • each has 60-80 spindle-shaped cells
  • taste pore opens onto squamous epithelium
39
Q

Nerve fibers enter taste bud and form synapses with _________ cells

A

gustatory

40
Q

By what mechanisms are the following taste sensations mediated by?

  1. sweet
  2. salty
  3. bitter
  4. savory
  5. sour
A

-Specific ion channels

  • Salty
  • Sour
  • membrane receptors
  • sweet
  • bitter
  • savory (umami)
41
Q

Taste buds able to discern all 5 sensations, but each taste bud specializes in one type of mechanism.

However, complex taste perception is largely a function of what?

A

largely a function of olfaction

(decreased sensation in persons with congestion)

42
Q
A