Histology practical definition Flashcards
(52 cards)
What type of epithelium lines the trachea?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Also known as respiratory epithelium.
What distinctive cartilage feature is found in the trachea?
C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings
What are the two major types of glands found in the trachea?
- Serous glands
- Mucous glands
How does the histology of the trachea differ from that of the primary bronchi?
The respiratory epithelium is shorter in the bronchi and they have fewer goblet cells.
What are the key histological features of bronchioles?
- Lack glands
- Lack cartilage
- Lack lymphoid aggregates
- Transition from ciliated columnar to cuboidal epithelium
- Thin lamina propria with elastic fibers
What is the primary function of the spleen?
Blood filtration and immune response
What are the two main components of the spleen?
- White pulp
- Red pulp
What type of cells are primarily found in the white pulp of the spleen?
Lymphocytes
What is the function of the thymus?
Maturation and instruction of T lymphocytes
What are the two main regions of the thymus?
- Cortex
- Medulla
What occurs in the cortex of the thymus?
Positive selection of T cells
What is the role of Hassall’s corpuscles in the thymus?
They are involved in the maturation process of T cells.
What is the blood-thymus barrier?
A physical barrier preventing antigens from entering the thymus
What do lymph nodes primarily filter?
Lymph
What are the two main regions of a lymph node?
- Cortex
- Medulla
What type of cells are found in the medulla of a lymph node?
- Macrophages
- Lymphocytes
What type of epithelium lines the oesophagus?
Non-keratinised stratified epithelium
What are the four regions of the stomach?
- Cardia
- Fundus
- Body (corpus)
- Pylorus (pyloric antrum)
What type of cells secrete hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
Parietal or oxyntic cells
What are the three parts of the small intestine?
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
What type of glands are present in the duodenum?
Brunner’s glands
What is a key feature of the large intestine?
Absence of plicae circulares and villi
What types of glands are found in the salivary glands?
- Serous glands
- Mucous glands
What are the three major salivary glands?
- Parotid
- Submandibular
- Sublingual