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Comprehensive Exam > Histopathology > Flashcards

Histopathology Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Tissue Processing

A

Fixation
Decalcification
Dehydration
Clearing
Impregnation
Embedding
Trimming
Sectioning
Staining
Mounting
Labelling

Mnemonic:
Fck Dis C.I.E.T Sige Share Mo Lang
(credits to Sir Bau :))

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2
Q

Reagent in: Fixation

A

10% NBF

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3
Q

Reagent in: Decalcification

A

Formol Nitric Acid

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4
Q

Reagent in: Dehydration

A

Ethyl Alcohol

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5
Q

Reagent in: Clearing

A

Xylene

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6
Q

Removal of intracellular and extracellular
water from tissues after fixation

A

Dehydration

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7
Q

Remove clearing agent from tissues and
fill up cavities and tissue spaces

A

Impregnation

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8
Q

Melting point of Paraffin Wax

A

56-60 C

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9
Q

Thickness of tissue

A

3-5mm

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10
Q

Reagent in Mounting

A

Canada Balsam or Eukitt

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11
Q

Three areas in Histopathology Section

A
  1. Routine Biopsy
  2. Cytology (Paps Smear)
  3. FNAB
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12
Q

Involves a careful examination and description of the specimen that will include the appearance, the number of pieces and their dimensions.

A

Gross examination

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13
Q

Tissue processing

A

Tissue Processor: Thermo Scientific Excelsior
o Allows the specimen to be infiltrated with a sequence of different solvents finishing in molten paraffin wax.

o The processor contains:
 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin
 70% Alcohol
 80% Alcohol
 95% Alcohol
 100% Alcohol
 Xylene
 Water
o The processor also contains Paraffin Wax
o Time of Tissue Processing: 12 hours

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14
Q

Embedding machine

A

Leica EG 1150H

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15
Q

Why does the histotech need to “deeper” first?

A

to expose the tissue

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16
Q

Microtome

A

LEICA RM 2245 (semi-automated) and
LEICA RM 2235

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17
Q

Stains: for gastric polyp; detection of H. pylori detection

A

Giemsa stain

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18
Q

special stain for esophageal mucosa; Active Inflammation (pH – 2.7)

A

Alcian blue

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19
Q

special stain for iron

A

perl’s stain

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20
Q

special stain for elastin

A

Weigert’s stain

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21
Q

The sections are covered with a glass coverslip and are then sent a pathologist who will view them under a microscope to make an appropriate diagnosis and prepare a report.

22
Q

special stain for glycogen and carbohydrates

23
Q

Dehydrating Procedure

Study These Flashcards
A

Water – 95% Alcohol – 100% Alcohol – Xylene

24
Q

IT IS PRIMARILY USED FOR THE DETECTION OF
THYROID PAPILLARY CARCINOMA.

25
First 4 steps of tissue processing is done here
Revos Thermoscientific
26
for autocyte pap smear
Hologic ThinPrep 5000 Processor
27
principle of Hologic ThinPrep 5000 Processor
filtration
28
Removal of dehydrating agent from tissues, making tissue transparent and increase refractive index.
clearing
29
automated stainer
Sakura tissue tek
30
automated stainer
Sakura tissue tek
31
special stain for reticular fibers
reticulin stain
32
special stain for fungal
Gomori Methenamine Silver Stain
33
branch of pathology which focuses on both histopathology and cytopathology techniques
anatomic pathology
34
too thick specimens
underfixed
35
TAT in routine histopathology
3-5 working days
36
most crucial step in tissue processing
fixation
37
removes calcium or lime salts hence, softens the tissues
decalcification
38
fastest decalcifying agent
nitric acid
39
gradual removal of water
dehydration
40
done to cover the hollow of tissues
impregnation
41
removal of excess paraffin wax to tissue paraffin block and also expose or prepare the tissue prior sectioning
trimming
42
subclass of routine histopath aka RAPID or STAT
Frozen section
43
principle of staining in frozen section
progressive staining (rapid H&E)
44
study of microscopic appearance of cells
Cytology
45
screening tool used for the detection of cervical cancer
pap smear
46
primarily used for the detection of thyroid papillary carcinoma
FNAB
47
two machines used in immunohistochemical staining procedures
Ventanna and Bondmax
48
used for symptomatic patients (with suspicion of having malignant dse) to make a diagnosis
diagnostic cytology
49
2 techniques used in diagnostic cytology
non invasive (urine, sputum) and minimally invasive (Bronchial washing and FNAB)
50
steps performed in revos thermoscientific
fixation decalcification dehydration clearing/dealcholization impregnation

Comprehensive Exam (9 decks)

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