Historical and Current Impact of Educational Philosophies Flashcards
The student evaluates the impact of various educational philosophies on historical and current educational trends. (42 cards)
The historical figure most often spoken of as the father of American education was:
Horace Mann
What is a Dame school?
A Dame school was ran by women for the purpose of teaching children how to read and write.
True or False: Horace Mann believed that the country was too diverse to reasonably teach a common set of beliefs and moral values.
False
What did the “Eight-Year Study” conducted in the US in 1930 determine?
The study determined that the progressive approach improved curiosity and critical thinking in students.
True or False: Philosophy raises questions: it does not solve them.
True
What is the philosophy behind essentialism?
Students should be learning basic facts regarding the physical and social world around them.
What is the philosophy behind progressivism?
Progressivism teaches that curriculum should begin with the child’s interests and experiences, and that all learning is active.
As a behaviorists, B.F. Skinner hypothesized what about learning?
He hypothesized that learning is a function of change in the way one behaves.
True or False: The first colonial schools were developed to assure that the new generation would sustain its religious beliefs.
True
True or False: A hallmark of a progressive classroom is the purposeful activity of pupils who may be engaged in research and inquiry with groups and alone.
True
True or False: The Socratic Method is a way of teaching that centers on the use of questions by the teacher to lead students to a certain conclusion.
True
True or False: John Locke believed that teachers needed to create a nonthreatening learning environment— a rather revolutionary idea at that time.
True
Who is B.F. Skinner? What is he known for?
Skinner is the founder of behavior theory, which states that learning is the process to changing our behavior.
What was the major philosophy of Lev Vygotsky?
Lev Vygotsky believed that the social interactions of a child play major role in their cognitive development.
What did Robert Havighurst develop?
Robert Havighurst developed scientific tasks that a child should be able to perform to develop normally.
What was Jean Piaget theory on learning?
Jean Piaget determined that there are 4 stages to learning.
a) sensorimotor, b) preoperational, c) concrete operations, d) formal operations
What was the development philosophy of Jerome Bruner?
Jerome Bruner believed that children encounter certain steps as they mature. Those steps are action, imagery, and symbolism
What is Benjamin Bloom known for? And, what are the three learning factors defined by Bloom?
Benjamin Bloom is the author of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational objectives;
The 3 learning facors are:
1) cognitive entry behaviors of students i.e. how a student has mastered prerequisite skills
2) effective entry characteristics, i.e. students interest in learning the material
3) quality of instruction, i.e. the degree of appropriateness of the instruction for the learner
What type of education did Fredrick Douglass want to implement? Who did he think would benefit from that?
Fredrick Douglass believed that by implementing vocational education he would be able to help the sad state of African Americans.
Who did Booker T. Washington seek out to help, and why did he want to help them? How did he do it?
Booker T. Washington believed that educating African Americans was the key to their success. That is why he formed an institute for them in Tuskegee.
What were Maria Montessori’s methods for teaching young children?
Maria Montessori’s theory included using child sized furniture to facilitate learning for children. She emphasized independent work that was monitored by a teacher.
Ella Flagg Young was the first woman to do what? What did she institute into school curriculum?
Ella Young was the first female president of the National Education Association. She also added vocational and physical education into school curriculum.
What was the main pupose of the education system in the Northern Colonies? Early 1600’s
To teach reading and writing in order to teach children to read scripture and worship.
Did african slaves in the south receive an education
No, unless it was job specific taught by the slave holder.
