Historical Conceptions Of Abnormal Behaviour Flashcards
What is abnormal behaviour?
Behavioural, emotional or cognitive dysfunctions that are unexpected, often triggered by stress
What are the 3 dominant traditions for treating abnormal behaviour?
Supernatural
Biological
Psychological
According to the supernatural tradition, what were the main causes and treatments for abnormal behaviour?
Causes: “outer force”, caused by the moon and stars (e.g paracelus and lunacy), possession, witchcraft
Treatments: exorcisms, beatings torture
How did Hippocrates and Galen link biology to disorders?
Humoral theory of disorders - due to brain chemical imbalances
How did Pasteur link madness to bioligy?
Found that Syphilis was causing madness, successfully treated with penicillin
What did John Grey believe?
Insanity always linked to physical causes
Name 2 treatments that were standard practice in the 1930s
Transorbital “ice-pick” psychology
Electroconvulsive therapy
What did Freud believe the minds structure consisted of?
ID - pleasure principal, illogical & emotional
Ego - reality principal, logical
Superego - moral principal
What were 3 of Freud’s suggested defence mechanisms?
Denial - refusal to acknowledge
Displacement - transferring emotions on somebody else
Rationalisation - inventing reason for action
What is the humanistic theory?
People are basically good
Humans strive towards self actualisation
Treated with unconditional positive regard and minimal interpretation
What is conditioning?
Correlation between neutral stimuli and unconditioned stimuli
Describe the features of behaviour therapy
Time limited and direct
Strong evidence supporting efficacy
