Historical & Contemporary Views Flashcards
Chapter 2: Historical & Contemporary Views of Abnormal Behavior (29 cards)
True or False?
In the Middle Ages, before the advent of
‘The Twilight Saga’ by Stephanie Meyer, many individuals believed themselves to be possessed by wolves, often mimicking their behavior.
True.
This was known as “Lycanthropy,” and the treatment was typically an exorcism.
True or False?
Hippocrates’ believed the best cure for hysteria (physical illness without an organic cause) was marriage.
True.
Hysteria was primarily restricted to women, and commonly known as “wandering uterus” since the uterus would wander to different parts of the body pining for a child.
During the ______, the emphasis was on treating people with mental illness with kindness and consideration as sick people instead of beasts.
(a) Late Eighteenth Century (b) Middle Ages (c) Twentieth Century (d) Nineteenth Century
(a) Late Eighteenth Century
Asylums
Institutions for the mentally ill.
Behavioral Perspective
A theoretical viewpoint organized around the theme that learning is central in determining human behavior.
Behaviorism
School of psychology that formerly restricted itself primarily to the study of overt behavior.
Catharsis
Discharge of emotional tension associated with something, such as past traumas.
Classical Conditioning
A basic form of learning in which a neutral stimulus is paired repeatedly with an unconditioned stimulus (US) that naturally elicits an unconditional response (UR).
After repeated pairings, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS) that elicits a conditioned response (CR).
Deinstitutionalization
Movement to close mental hospitals and treat people with severe mental disorder in the community.
Dream Analysis
Method involving the recording, description, and interpretation of a patients dreams.
Exorcisms
Religiously inspired treatment procedure designed to drive out evil spirits or forces from a possessed person.
Free Association
Method for probing the unconscious by having patients talk freely about themselves, their feelings, and their motives.
Insanity
Legal term for mental disorder, implying lack of responsibility for ones acts and inability to manage ones affairs.
Lycanthropy
Delusion of being a wolf.
Mass Madness
Historically, widespread occurrence of group behavior disorders that were apparently causes of hysteria.
Mental Hygiene Movement
Movement that advocated a method of treatment focused almost exclusively on the physical well-being of hospitalized mental patients.
Mesmerism
Theory of “animal magnetism” (hypnosis) formulated by Anton Mesmer.
Moral Management
Wide-ranging method of treatment that focuses on a patients social, individual, and occupational needs.
Nancy School
Group of physicians in 19th century Europe who excepted the view that hysteria was a sort of self-hypnosis.
Operant Conditioning
Form of learning in which if a particular response is reinforced, it becomes more likely to be repeated on similar occasions.
Psychoanalysis
Methods Freud used to study and treat patients.
Psychoanalytic Perspective
Theory of psychopathology, initially developed by Freud, that emphasizes the inner dynamics of unconscious motives.
Saint Vitus’s Dance
Name given to the dancing mania and mass hysteria that spread from Italy to Germany and the rest of Europe in the Middle Ages.
Tarantism
Dancing mania that occurred in Italy in the 13th century.
