Historical context

Question 1

Who was James succeeded by?

Answer 1

His son Charles I

Question 2

Why did Charles come in conflict with the parliament?

Answer 2

Because he wanted to raise taxes without its consent

Question 3

Who did Charles choose as his archbishop?

Answer 3

William Laud

Question 4

What did Laud do?

Answer 4

Persecute the Puritans

Question 5

Why did Charles I summon his parliament again?

Answer 5

To raise money for a war with France

Question 6

The parliament agreed to grant money on what condition?

Answer 6

That Charles signed the Petition of Rights

Question 7

What did the Petition of Rights state?

Answer 7

1. That no man were to pay taxes without the parliament’s approval
2. That no man was to be imprisoned arbitrarily

Question 8

What happened between Charles and his parliament?

Answer 8

He didnt summon it for 11 years

Question 9

How many parliaments were there when he summoned it again after not doing so for 11 years?

Answer 9

2. The shor parliament and the long parliament

Question 10

What did the Long Parliament want to do?

Answer 10

Reduce the King’s power

Question 11

Why did King Charles flee the country?

Answer 11

Because he failed to arrest 4 parliamentarians

Question 12

What were the two sides in the Civil War?

Answer 12

1. Royalists/Cavaliers (for the King)
2. Parliamentarians/Roundheads (for the parliament) –> mainly puritans, supported by middle class

Question 13

Who were the Roundheads led by?

Answer 13

Oliver Cromwell

Question 14

What were the two battles won by the Roundheads?

Answer 14

The battle of Marston Moor and Naseby

Question 15

What happened after Cromwell’s win?

Answer 15

The king was imprisoned

Question 16

How did Charles’ trial go?

Answer 16

He refused to acknowledge the authority of the Parliament and didn’t defend himself against the charges

Question 17

What was the sentence in Charles’ trial?

Answer 17

Sentenced to death, he was beathed

Question 18

What happened after Charles’ trial?

Answer 18

He proclaimed a Commonwealth (a republic)

Question 19

What was the Rump Parliament?

Answer 19

The Parliament that controlled the Commonwealth, it consisted in only supporters of the Republic.

Question 20

What was the reaction after Charles’ execution?

Answer 20

A royalist reaction in Ireland and Scotland that was stopped by Cromwell’s troops (Battle of Dunbar)

Question 21

What was Oliver Cromwell appointed?

Answer 21

Lord Protector of the Realm

Question 22

What did Cromwell run?

Answer 22

A military dictatorship (he refused to become king)

Question 23

Who was Cromwell succeeded by?

Answer 23

His son Richard

Question 24

How was Richard (Cromwells son)? What did he do?

Answer 24

He was an inept leader

Question 25

What happened after Richard resigned?

Answer 25

The republic slowly fell apart

Question 26

Who was restored after Cromwell's republic fell apart?

Answer 26

Charles II

Question 27

What did Charles II do?

Answer 27

He exhumed Cromwell's body and sentenced it to death

Question 28

What happened under Charles II?

Answer 28

The Great Plague (1665) The Great Fire (1666)

Question 29

What was the first parliament of Charles II called? Why?

Answer 29

It was called the Cavalier Parliament, as it consisted almost entirely of Royalists

Question 30

What was signed during the Restoration? What did it state?

Answer 30

The Test Act, it stated that any man in public office had to take communion in the protestant Church