History 11 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Henry Clay
Republican leader from Kentucky who proposed the American System
John C. Calhoun
Leader from South Carolina who proposed the Bonus Bill
James Monroe
President from 1817 to 1825; his first term was called the “Era of Goid Feelings”; famous for the Monroe Doctrine
John Marshall
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court whose decisions greatly increased the power of the federal government; upheld the doctrine of implied powers; upheld the doctrine of implied powers, or a loose interpretation of the Constitution
John Quincy Adams
Hero of the battle of New Orleans; sent by congress to stop renegade Indians and whites from Spanish Florida and protect American settlements in the region
Nationalist Era
(1814-1828) period in which the spirit of nationalism generated by the War of 1812 held the nation together
Tariff of 1816
Protective tariff that placed a high duty on many imported goods to protect American manufacturers from foreign competition
“Era of Good Feelings”
Period that began President Monroe’s election and lasted through his first term
Panic of 1819
Economic crisis that threw the country into a depression from 1819 until 1824
Speculation
Buying land with the intention of selling at a profit when the market prices rise
McCullough vs. Maryland
(1819) court case that upheld the idea of “implied powers” by confirming the constitutionality of the national bank
Implied powers
Powers implied in the Constitution but not directly stated; loose interpretation of the Constitution
Dartmouth College Case
(1819) state of New Hampshire tried to alter the old charter of Dartmouth College; Supreme Court ruled that the state could not change the charter of a private school
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Supreme Court ruled against a transportation monopoly granted by the New York state legislature to Robert Livingston and Robert Fulton
National Road
Cumberland Road; connected to Cumberland, Maryland, to Wheeling, Virginia
Bonus Bill
Calhoun’s plan to set aside for international improvements the bonus of $1,500,000 that the Second Bank of the United States had paid the government for the charter, adding to the sum the annual dividends received by the federal government for its stock in the national bank.
American System
Clay’s plan for Congress to levy a high protective tariff and use the proceeds for internal improvements in the West
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Great Britain and the United States agreed to total disarmament in the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain except for a few small gunboats that each nation kept on duty to patrol the area
Adams-Onis Treaty
(1819) called the Transcontinental Treaty; Spain ceded all of Florida to the U.S. and the U.S. agreed to pay the claims it’s own citizens held against Spain to an amount not exceeding $5,000,000
Congress of Verona
Austria, Prussia, Russia, and France vowed to put down a revolutionary uprising in Spain and threatened to help Spain reconquer its New World colonies
Monroe Doctrine
Pledged that the U.S. would not interfere in European affairs that did not concern it or in the the affairs of Europe’s existing colonies in the New World, but warned Europe that the American continents were “not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European power
Tallmadge Amendment
Proposed that “the further introduction of Alavert or involuntary servitude be prohibited. . . and that all children of slaves, born within the said state, after the admission thereof into the Union, shall be free, but may be held to service until the age of twenty-five
Missouri Compromise
Admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state; prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36’30’ parallel line
National Republicans
Supporters of a John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay; supported a policy of nationalism
