history Flashcards
(58 cards)
what was The Wall Street crash
it plunged the USA into an economic depression and led to the great depression of the 1930s.
other causes of the depression
decline in heavy industry in the UK as it faced increased competition from abroad
what are the three reasons for the decline
competition from abroad
New markets
obsolute methods
impacts of the Wall Street crash
Between 1929 and 1931 exports from Britain fell by a half
rapid growth of unemployment reaching 3 million unemployed in 1932
growing light industry
many jobs available in certain areas of Wales and England
mass production methods were applied to the motorcar industry. By 1938 number of cars sold in Britain had risen to approximately 2 million
what is meant by two Britons
some parts of Britain suffered but other parts were extremely successful
describe unemployment
rapid growth in unemployment reaching 15% by 1932
over 3 million people no longer had a wage and could not buy consumer goods
what was the dole
in 1920 the unemployment insurance act created a system of payments for unemployed workers
aim was to give financial support to the unemployed
provided 39 weeks of benefit
what was the means test
in 1931 the government introduced the means test to control and reduce the amount of the dole that was paid
before people could receive the dole people had to go through their houses and inspect to check all their possessions. Families could be forced to sell their possessions if they wanted to receive the dole
what were the reactions to the means test
they hated having an inspector go through all their belongings and force them to sell some of them
it was humiliating for families to have to reveal their earnings and savings
some authorities applied the means test very harshly
what were the hunger marches
The hunger matches become a way for working people to express the living and working conditions
why was there a Jarrow March
Jarrow was the most affected town during the depression
unemployment reaching 80%
Poor health was a widespread in the town and families tried to find ways to survive
what were the aims of the Jarrow March
to attract attention to the suffering of the town by taking a petition all the way to Parliament
events of the Jarrow March
200 men marched from Jarrow to London received support from the public  they returned to Jarrow as heroes police praised the man for being well organised Stanley Baldwin ignored the petition
describe popular entertainment
provided a distraction from the harsh reality of the depression it was an opportunity to escape.
by 1939, 9 million registered radios in houses across Britain. In 1934 Wales had over 320 cinemas with over 20 in Cardiff alone.
Sports such as rugby and boxing helped people to cope
describe emigration
people were emigrating from Wales in massive numbers.
between 1921 and 1938 approximately 440,000 people left Wales to find better life elsewhere
making ends meet and self help
families lived by making ends meet one way was to buy cheaper foods
wives sacrificed their own needs for their husband and children. Woman neglected their own health.
neighbours rallied during times of crises e.g childbirth 
special areas act
1934 the government passed the special areas at this offered grants of £2 million to companies that would move to the special areas
1936 a further special areas at was passed that offered factories and businesses remission of grants rates and payment of taxes up to 100%
The threat from Germany
by 1934 Hitler had become the President of Germany his main aims was to make Germany great again and rid Germany of the hated Treaty of versailles
what were Hitler’s aims
to unite all Germans under his rule and create a greaterGermany
to gain live in space for the German people
to restore Germany as a great power
Hitler’s army
by 1939 the German army had almost 1, million men
an air force was created known as the Luftwaffe

by 1939 it had over 8000 aircraft
Terms of the treaty of versailles
The treaty playing Germany for the war and impose strict rules on them
Germany’s army was restricted to 100,000 it could not have tanks or an air force
impact on Treaty of Versailles
land was taken from Germany and given to European countries
The Rhineland was demilitarised leaving Germany unable to protect its border with France
What’s the Munich agreement
on the 30th of September Germany Britain Italy and France signed the Munich agreement
 The Sudetenland Would become part of Germany
Hitler and Chamberlain would sign a declaration that Britain and Germany would never to war
