history

Question 1

history of GUI

Answer 1

1. xerox: research team w/ original idea
2. alto(experimental) + star(business) GUI computers created
3. apple creates lisa + macintosh for commercial reasons
4. microsoft works w/ apple to create applications for GUI models and they fight a legal war

Question 2

does email come before or after internet

Answer 2

before

Question 3

history of email

Answer 3

1. originally only on mainframes between organisations
2. ARPANET(advanced research projects agency network) exists, which slowly evolves into internet
3. @ symbol to separate user’s name + computer host

Question 4

what is a web browser

Answer 4

software for locating, accessing, and displaying web pages

Question 5

history of web browsers

Answer 5

1. first developed at CERN, mainly just for academic interest
2. first widely available one: mosaic, then netscape
3. microsoft also released a web browser, MSN, but it was unsuccessful compared to netscape

Question 6

search engines vs web browsers

Answer 6

search engines came before web browsers, in the form of FTP(file transfer protocol) servers

Question 7

grandfather of search engines

Answer 7

Archie

Question 8

gopher servers

Answer 8

came after FTPs; containing text-based documents

Question 9

robots: world wide web wanderer

Answer 9

software which systematically examined and captured URLs from all over web

Question 10

spiders

Answer 10

first used by Excite
- a program that automatically fetches web page data for inclusion in search engines

Question 11

metacrawler

Answer 11

after the webcrawler, forwards search queries to other search engines then formats results on one page

Question 12

search engines timeline

Answer 12

1. archie, FTP servers
2. text documents on Gopher sites
3. robot searching URLs
4. directory of URLs, webmasters post sites
5. spiders
6. yahoo, w/ descriptions of sites
7. webcrawler: searching entire text of documents
8. metacrawler: queries to other engines

Question 13

social networking applications

Answer 13

allows creation of public/semi-public profile
- been around since 1990s

Question 14

who was visicalc invented by

Answer 14

Dan Bricklin + Bob Frankston in 1979
- created on affordable personal computers

Question 15

legal battles for visicalc

Answer 15

1979: commercial software was a small industry, copyright + patent laws did not cover software sufficiently
- bricklin + frankston got royalties for o.g. product, but not subsequent products derived from visicalc
- visicalc didn’t have a patent, and was copied + modified by most large companies

Question 16

visicalc ideas

Answer 16

1. input, processing, output on one interface
2. scrolling ability
3. instant recalculation of cells as contents change
4. status/formula line
5. ability to replicate a range to any other range
6. relative + absolute referencing
7. formulas w/ minimal keystrokes
8. cursor moves to select cells + ranges

Question 17

presentation software

Answer 17

used for large-scale, business, government, military apps before personal computer

Question 18

slideshows

Answer 18

allows human presenter to display their notes on a large screen
- similar to traditional slide projector, but much faster

Question 19

multimedia

Answer 19

1960, ted nelson: documents linked together in a non-linear fashion
1987: Hypercard by apple, authoring tool for creation of multimedia titles

Question 20

screen recorders/cameras

Answer 20

allows training + support personnel to create animations detailing the functions of their software products
- screen camera records screen changes and is able to play them back

Question 21

relative vs absolute references

Answer 21

relative references: change when formula is copied to another cell
absolute references: remains constant no matter where they are copied