HISTORY

Question 1

— the EARLIEST RECORDED MEDICO-LEGAL EXPERT.

— He was the chief physician and architect of King Zoser of the 3rd dynasty in Egypt and the builder of the first pyramid.

*That time was the first recorded report of a murder trial written on clay tablet.

Answer 1

IMHOTEP

Question 2

— oldest code of law which included legislation on adultery, rape, divorce, incest, abortion, and violence.

Answer 2

CODE OF HAMMURABI

Question 3

— in Greece discussed the lethality of wounds.

Answer 3

HIPPOCRATES

Question 4

— fixed animation of fetus at the 40th day after conception.

Answer 4

ARISTOTLE

Question 5

— the first “police surgeon” or forensic pathologist. Performed an autopsy on the murdered body of Julius Caesar (100-44 B.C.) exposed on the forum.

*He found out that Julius Caesar suffered from 23 WOUNDS and only 1 PENETRATED THE CHEST CAVITY through a space between the first and second ribs.

Answer 5

ANTISTIUS

Question 6

— in his digest made mention that a physician is not an ordinary witness and that a physician gives judgment rather than testimony.

Answer 6

JUSTINIAN

Question 7

— issued an edict providing appointment of doctors to the courts for the determination of the nature of wounds.

Answer 7

POPE INNOCENT III

Question 8

— expressed the need of expert in ecclesiastical courts, in the diagnosis of leprosy and many medico-legal documents.

Answer 8

POPE JOHN XXII

Question 9

— a papal physician, regarded as the “FATHER OF FORENSIC MEDICINE”.

— He published Questiones Medico-legales

Answer 9

PAULUS ZACCHIAS

Question 10

Paulus Zacchias published ___________ which dealt with the legal aspects of wounds and the first two chapters dealt with secret homicide.

Answer 10

QUESTIONES MEDICO-LEGALES

Question 11

— works on virginity and defloration and confirms the existence of hymen and may not rupture during sexual intercourse.

Answer 11

SEVERIN PINEAU

Question 12

— FOUNDER OF MODERN TOXICOLOGY. Introduced chemical methods in toxicology. In his Traite’ des poison, he mentioned mineral, vegetable and animal poison in relation with the physiology, pathology and legal medicine.

Answer 12

ORFILA

Question 13

• In 1858, the first medical textbook printed including pertinent instructions related to the medico-legal practice by Spanish physician, Dr. Rafael Genard y Mas, Chief Army Physician, Entitled_____

Answer 13

“MANUAL DE MEDICINA DOMESTICA”
BY DR. RAFAEL GENARD Y MAS

Question 14

• In 1871, teaching legal medicine, included as academic subject in the foundation of the school of medicine of the___________

Answer 14

“REAL Y PONTIFICA UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTO TOMAS”

Question 15

— by virtue of the ROYAL DECREE NO. 188, of the King of Spain, the position of “MEDICO TITULARES” was created and made in-charge of public sanitation and the same time medico-legal aid in the administration of justice.

Answer 15

MARCH 31, 1876

Question 16

— date where the rules regulating the services of those “Medico Titulares y Forences” was published.

Answer 16

1894

Question 17

• MEDICO-LEGAL LABORATORY was established in the City of Manila and extended at the same time its services to the provinces.

Answer 17

1895

Question 18

— American civil government preserved the SPANISH FORENSIC MEDICAL SYSTEM.

Answer 18

1898

Question 19

— Philippine Commission created the provincial, insular and municipal Board of Health (Act nos. 157, 307, 308) in the Philippines and assigned to the respective inspectors and presidents of the same, medico-legal duties of the “Medico Titulares” of the Spanish regime.

Answer 19

1901

Question 20

— the Philippine Medical School incorporated the teaching of Legal Medicine, one hour a week to the 5th year medical students

Answer 20

1908

Question 21

— University of the Philippines created Department of Legal Medicine and Ethics with the head having a salary of 4,000 per annum, half time basis, with Dr. Sixto de los Angeles as the chief.

Answer 21

1919

Question 22

• the head of the Department of Legal Medicine and Ethics became the Head of the Medico-legal Department of the Philippine General Hospital w/o pay

Answer 22

1922

Question 23

• Philippine Legislature enacted Act no. 1043 w/c became incorporated in the Administrative Code as section 2465 and provided that the Department of Legal Medicine, University of the Philippines, became a branch of the Department of Justice (DOJ).

Answer 23

MARCH 10, 1922

Question 24

• Commonwealth Act no. 181 was passed creating the Division of Investigation under the DOJ. The medico-legal section was made an integral part of the division w/ DR. GREGORIO T. LANTIN as the chief.

Answer 24

DECEMBER 10, 1937

Question 25

- legal Medicine Department of the UP was abolished and its functions were TRANSFERRED to the MEDICO-LEGAL SECTION OF THE DOJ.

Answer 25

MARCH 3, 1939

Question 26

- In July 4, 1942, President_______ consolidated by executive order all other different law enforcing agencies and created the Bureau of investigation on July 8, 1944

Answer 26

PRESIDENT JOSE P. LAUREL

Question 27

- In 1945, after the liberation of the City of Manila, the provost marshal of the US army created the ___________________ with the office of the Medical Examiner as an integral part and with Dr. Mariano Lara as chief medical examiner.

Answer 27

CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION LABORATORY

Question 28

created the Bureau of Investigation

Answer 28

R.A 157

Question 29

Medico-Legal Division was created with ___________________ as the Chief.

Answer 29

DR. ENRIQUE V. DE LOS SANTOS

Question 30

— a person appointed in remote places where services of a registered physician is not available.

Answer 30

CERUJANO MINISTRANTE

Question 31

- date where "Cirujano Ministrante" was abolished due to the creation of Rural Health Unit composed of a municipal health officer, a midwife, public nurse and a sanitary inspector.

Answer 31

JUNE 15, 1954

Question 32

— creation of the office of the medical examiners and criminal investigation laboratory under the Police department of the City of Manila.

Answer 32

REPUBLIC ACT. 409

Question 33

Code Of Sanitation

Answer 33

PD 856