HISTORY Flashcards
(62 cards)
They suggested that a disease was caused by “invisible living creatures”.
ROMAN PHILOSOPHER LUCRETIUS
(98-55 BC) AND
GIROLAMO FRACASTORO (1478-1553)
He made the earliest microscopic observation on bees and weevils using a microscope probably supplied by Galileo.
FRANCESCO STELLUTI (1625 AND 1630)
The “first true microbiologist”
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
The first person to observe and describe organisms accurately - “Father of Protozoology and Bacteriology”
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
He discovered “animalcules.”
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
He used self-made single lens microscope with 50-300x magnification to study protozoans and bacteria.
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723)
Life arose from non-living matter.
SPONTANEOUS GENERATION
He mentioned that simple invertebrates could arise from spontaneous generation.
ARISTOTLE (384-322 BC)
In 1668 (even before van Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microscopic life), he demonstrated that maggots do not arise spontaneously from decaying meat.
FRANCISCO REDI (1626-1697)
His results were a serious blow to the long-held belief that large forms of life could arise from non-life.
FRANCISCO REDI (1626-1697)
He observed that boiled mutton broth eventually became cloudy with microorganism after pouring it into a flask and sealed tightly
JOHN NEEDHAM (1748)
He proposed that organic matter possessed a “vital force that could give rise to life
JOHN NEEDHAM (1748)
He improved the previous experiments of Needham by heating the broth placed in a sealed jar.
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI (1729-1799)
He observed that no growth took place as long as the flasks remained sealed.
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI (1729-1799)
He proposed that air carried microorganisms to the culture medium and that might be the reason for the growth of organisms present already in the medium.
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI (1729-1799)
He concluded that microorganisms from the air probably had entered Needham’s solutions after they were boiled.
LAZZARO SPALLANZANI (1729-1799)
He showed the importance of oxygen of life.
LAURENT LAVOISIER
Living cells can rise only from pre-existing living cells.
BIOGENESIS
He challenged spontaneous generation with the concept of “biogenesis.”
RUDOLF VIRCHOW (1858)
He observed that no growth occurred in a flask containing nutrient solution after allowing air to pass through a red-hot tube.
THEODORE SCHWANN (1810-1882)
They observed that no growth occurred after allowing air to pass through sterile cotton wool placed in a flask of heat-sterilized medium.
GOERG FRIEDRICH SCHRODER AND THEODORE VON
DUSCH
He resolved the issue of spontaneous generation.
LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895)
He stated that microorganisms are indeed present in the air and can contaminate seemingly sterile solutions, however the air itself does not create microbes.
LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895)
He showed that microorganisms can also be destroyed by heat (basis of the aseptic technique - a technique to prevent contamination by unwanted microorganisms).
LOUIS PASTEUR (1822-1895)
