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History Flashcards

(46 cards)

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1
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Held on January 1919, victorious nations of WW1 met to plan on rebuilding Europe and ensure ongoing peace in the future.

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2
Q

Leaders of the Paris Peace Conference

A

David Lloyd George (Britain), George Clemenceau (France), Woodrow Wilson (United States), Vittorio Orlando (Italy)

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3
Q

George Clemenceau aims

A

Revenge + punish Germany, weaken army, huge reparations

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4
Q

LLoyd George aims

A

“Just peace” - please electors who wanted revenge but keep Germany strong to allow trade

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5
Q

Wilson aims

A

Create a League of Nations and ensure future long peace

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6
Q

Orlando

A

Wanted the territory they were promised

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7
Q

When was the treaty of versailles signed

A

28th June 1919

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8
Q

Terms of the treaty of versailles

A

Germany surrenders territory and overseas colonies, limited army to 100000 men, banned from having Air Force, tanks, submarines or heavy artillery, accept full responsibility for WW1, pay reparations to allies

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9
Q

League of Nations

A

Formed at the Paris Peace Conference on January 10, 1920 to encourage nations to negotiate and discuss their differences before taking military action, planned failed to prevent outbreak.

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10
Q

Roaring twenties

A

brought hope by the end of war, efficient and quick production - mass produced goods, increased employment, previously luxury items now affordable, innovations: car, iron, toaster, radio, vacuum

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11
Q

The Great Depression

A

New York stock market crash - Summer 1929, unemployment rates rose - resulted in an increase of poverty, start of ww2 ended the depression as production increased to support war efforts, help dictators come to power, and other countries weak to stand up against them

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12
Q

Long and short term causes of ww2

A

treaty of versailles, global depression, League of Nations, Rhineland reoccupied, Anschluss, Munich agreement, nazi-soviet pact

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13
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

Damaged Germany economically and caused resentment among the Germans

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14
Q

Global depression

A

rise of dictatorship, hitler becomes chancellor, power to enforce his foreign policy

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15
Q

League of Nations

A

Mussolini attacks Abyssinia (1935) and the league isn’t taken seriously anymore

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16
Q

Rhineland reoccupied

A

90% voted to give Rhineland back to Germany - Hitler marches into Rhineland with troops

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17
Q

Anschluss

A

Hitler believed Austria and Nazi - Germany should be united, Hitler makes Nazi’s induce chaos and eventually takes hold of Austria in March, 1938

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18
Q

Munich agreement

A

Appeasement is used and Hitler is given the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia, he claimed that it was his last territorial demand

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19
Q

Nazi-Soviet pact

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A

peace agreement to allow Nazis to invade Poland without soviet attack. Poland invasion triggers the beginning of WW2

20
Q

Nazi Party (NSGAP)

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A

Stands for Nationalist Socialist German workers party, Hitler joins party and becomes a leader in 1921

21
Q

Nazi beliefs

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A

Rearm Germany, take back what was lost at Versailles, German race, blond blue-eyed Aryans, were superior, master race needed more living space/territory

22
Q

How did the Nazi Party gain support?

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A

military uniform showed strength compared to government, force against communists and trade unions, populist policies, metorics and propaganda, traditional values

23
Q

Munich Putsch

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A

Nazis attempted to overthrow government, fails and Hitler imprisoned for 9 months (1923)

24
Q

Nazi regrouping (1924-29)

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A

Shifts policies to win majority support, develops propaganda, builds up fear of left-wing parties, focus on traditional values

25
Global depression (1929-32)
Unemployment increases, hyperinflation, threat of communism increases, government doesn't act - Germany in need of a leader
26
Why did people support Hitler?
Weimar Republic unable to end depression - hitler promised a solution, Germans tired of poor life - Hitler offered them a better one
27
Steps in Hitler's rise to Fuhrer
Jan 1933 - Hitler appointed chancellor, Reichstag fire 1933 - hitler blames communists, reichstag law passed - imprison communists and ban from elections, media control, March 1933 - best election results for Nazi party, Enabling law March 1933, President Hindenburg dies 1934 August, army swears oath to Hitler, Hitler become Fuhrer (absolute leader)
28
Enabling law March 1933
Ban all other parties, break up trade union and Nazis in state and local government
29
Three main acts in Hitler's foreign policy
Revise treaty of versailles, unite all German speaking people under Reich, expand eastwards - achieve Lebenstraum
30
What happened when Hitler attempted Anschluss in 1934?
He failed, Italian intervention Austrian Chancellor, Schuschnigg, tried to appease Hitler - the German-Austrian agreement of 1936, Austria can be independent but their foreign policy must align with Germany's and Nazis can hold government posts in Austria
31
Did Britain and France react to German invasion of Austria
No
32
What did Hitler demand happen to the Sudetendland of Czechoslovakia?
To be given to Germany
33
What happened in September 1938
Representatives from Britain, France, Germany and Italy met in Munich - to appease Hitler they agreed to give the Sudetendland to Germany
34
What happened March 1939
Germany invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia
35
What happened when Hitler demanded territory in Poland
Britain and Poland formed alliance to protect Poland's security
36
When did Hitler and Stalin sign the Nazi-Soviet pact
August 1939
37
What was the purpose of the Nazi-Soviet pact
To ensure that when Germany invaded Poland, they weren't defended by the Soviet Union
38
What happened on September 1st
Nazi Germany invaded Poland and Britain declared war on Germany, WW2 has begun
39
How did Hitler violate the treaty of versailles
Increasing military, reintroducing conscription, reestablishing Air Force, increasing production of weapons and ammunition
40
What is the policy of appeasement
Britain and France tolerated the violations by Hitler of the treaty of Versailles
41
Why did Britain and France violate the treaty of versailles
They believed it would avoid another war, both in economic turmoil and many people believed the treaty terms were too harsh
42
What happened at the Phoney war
September March 1940, Britain and France declared war but didn't send troops to Poland
43
April 1940
Germany invaded Denmark and Norway
44
May 1940
German army turned to France
45
21st June 1940
French government surrendered
46
When was the League of Nations established and disbanded
Established on January 10 1920, disbanded on April 19, 1946

HASS (3 decks)

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