History Flashcards
(20 cards)
How long did the Mughal Empire rule most of India and Pakistan
131 years
link to Q1- When did it reach its largest extent under Aurangzeb
Between 1657 and 1707
The Mughal Empire was in decline after…
1707
Who was the last Mughal emperor, and what was he accused of?
Bahadur Zafar, accused of aiding rebels in a war against the British in 1857 and banished from India
Who and when became the next rulers of India after the Mughal Empire?
British , 1858
Who were the Mongols
Tribe who conquered much of central Asia in the 13th century. Mughal is the Persian word for Mongol.
What was a Harem?
The part of the court reserved for the emperor’s wives, concubines(mistresses), and their entourage
What was a Hindustan
A name given to the northern part of India
What was a Jharoka?
A special window at which Mughal emperors showed themselves to their people
What was Jizya?
The poll tax that the Delhi sultans had imposed on all non Muslims before Mughal rule began. Abolished by Akbar in 1564 but reinstated by Aurangzeb in 1679.
Who were the Mansabdars
Nobles and officials who helped the emperor rule his lands.
What were Sati/Suttee
A practice found chiefly among Hindus in South Asia, in which a widow sacrifices herself on her deceased husband’s funeral pyre
What was the East India Company?
The British trading company, which set up a trading post at Surat in 1612
What was a factory?
A compound set up by European traders, including warehouses and residences.
Who was Babur, 1526-30
A Mughal Emperor and a descendant of Genghis Khan and Timur, two great Central Asian warriors. Founder of the Islamic Mughal Empire
Who was Humayun, 1530-40 , 1555-56
Temporarily lost Babur’s conquests in 1540 but re-established Mughal rule in 1555. He did help the Mughal empire become an artistic power, starting the great Mughal tradition of miniature painting.
Who was Akbar 1556-1605
Recovered and extended the Mughal Empire – ruled over 100 million people. Developed strong administration and tax systems. He believed all religions should be tolerated and that a ruler’s duty was to treat all believers equally. His government included many Hindus in high positions – the governed were allowed to take part in the governing.
who was jahangir
Made limited military conquests, bringing in a period of relative peace. An opium addict, he allowed his wife Nur Jahan much political influence
who was shah jahan
Ruled the Mughal empire at its height. He was more interested in architecture rather than art and is famed for building the Taj Mahal. He drew many of the craftsmen who built it from the empire but also from other parts of the Islamic world. However Shah Jahan had to raise taxes considerably to pay for it.
who was aurangzeb
: His attention was on extending his lands not on art or architecture. A devout Muslim he ended the policy of religious tolerance followed by previous emperors. Under Aurangzeb the Mughal empire reached the peak of its military power but it became unstable, partially because Aurangzeb’s religious intolerance and heavy taxation inspired opposition but also the empire had become too big to be successfully governed.
