HISTORY 1930-1940

Question 1

League of Nations

Answer 1

The League of Nations was created by the US and was built to establish peace with collective security.
Created in 1918, after the Treaty of Versailles was signed.
Britain and France were the major powers of the League. Woodrow Wilson had created the League, but was hesitant to join it

Question 2

Manchurian Crisis

Answer 2

Due to the Great Depression, Japan was heavily affected and wanted more resources. In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria.
There was one reason why Japan attacked the eastern part of China. Some Japanese soldiers blew up a section of the train tracks, and blamed the Chinese soldiers for doing so.
The League’s response was weak, as they were already facing problems in their own countries.

Question 3

Abyssinian Crisis

Answer 3

Two reasons:-
1. Mussolini wanted more resources, as Italy was facing the Depression deeply.
2. In the 1890s, Italy had tried to colonize Abyssinia, but failed to do so. They wanted revenge from the country.
Italy invasion of Abyssinia led to the League putting huge sanctions on some resources, but not on oil, coal and steel.

Question 4

Spanish Civil War

Answer 4

The League couldn’t say anything about this as it was only problems that Spain can solve for themselves. But when Germany helped Spain by importing weapons, League couldn’t say anything about this. Anyhow, Germany was helping the Nationalists and most of Europe feared the spread of Communism from Soviet Union/Russia. (1936-1939)

Question 5

Anschluss/Anschluß

Answer 5

In the ToV, it mentions that the Union of Austria and Germany is forbidden. Hitler had jumbled most of the Austrian votes and announced that Austria will be united with Germany. Once again, the League of Nation couldn’t do anything. (1938)

Question 6

Appeasement

Answer 6

When Germany colonized the Sudetenland, Czechs feared that Hitler would colonize them as well. When the Slovaks told Hitler to colonize Czechoslovakia, he was happy to do so. (1938)

Question 7

Munich conference

Answer 7

Chamberlain invited Hitler and Mussolini, but not Czechoslovakia and Communist Russia. Hitler had convinced Chamberlain that he would not colonize any other country.
(1938)

Question 8

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Answer 8

This pact had surprised all of the Europe and Poland. Poland was now surrounded by Germany and Russia on both sides. This pact was that Germany and Russia would not attack each other and would attack Poland and divide among each other. (1939)

Question 9

Outcomes of Germany (1918)

Answer 9

Military disarmament to 100,000 men
Re-Creation of Poland
Loss of German territories
Anschluß kept forbidden
Demilitarised Rhineland
War guilt
Financial reperations

Question 10

NZ’s perspective of ToV

Answer 10

The Labour Party knew that this Treaty would lead to future wars.