History

Question 0

Who was the Greek philosopher who first used the term “anesthesia”?

Answer 0

Dioscorides

Question 1

What are the 4 components of an anesthetic?

Answer 1

Reversible loss of consciousness
Amnesia
Analgesia
Muscle relaxation

Question 2

Who introduced refrigeration anesthesia?

Answer 2

Marco Aurelio Severino of Naples.
Introduced in the 1600

Used extensively during Russian-Finnish war in 1939

Question 3

Who isolated ether as a simple reaction between ethyl alcohol and sulfuric acid?

Answer 3

Valerius Cordus

Question 4

Who discovered that nitrous oxide could relieve headaches and toothaches?

Answer 4

Humphry Davy

Question 5

Who first used nitrous oxide as an anesthetic in 1844?

Answer 5

Horace Wells and Garnder Colton

Question 6

Who suggested that ether might have anesthetic properties?

Answer 6

Charles Jackson

Question 7

Who took Jackson’s suggestion and tried ether on animals, then on his assistants in the dental office?

Answer 7

W.Morton

Question 8

Who brought “Letheon” to the operating theater?

Answer 8

W. Morton

Question 9

Who dubbed the procedure “anesthesia”?

Answer 9

Oliver Wendell Holmes

Question 10

Who administered ether through a towel to remove neck tumors?

Answer 10

Crawford Long

Question 11

Why was ether so successful?

Answer 11

Morton’s public demonstration

Easy to prepare and store and administer

Volatile properties

Can be used in low concentrations so patients couldn’t become hypoxic unlike nitrous oxide

Slow induction for safety margin

Question 12

Who used chloroform in 1847 for childbirth?

Answer 12

Sir James Simpson

Question 13

Who introduced continuous patient pulse monitoring, jaw thrust, resuscitation equipment and cricothyrotomy to anesthesia?

Answer 13

Joseph Clover

Question 14

Who introduced inhalation of ether?

Answer 14

Dr John Snow

Question 15

Who invented the hypodermic needle in 1855?

Answer 15

Alexander Wood

Question 16

Who conducted the first elective endotracheal intubation?

Answer 16

Sir Ivan Magill

Question 17

Who simultaneously developed laryngoscope blades for better visualization if the vocal cords?

Answer 17

Robert Miller and Sir Robert MacIntosh

Question 18

Snow’s mortality is related to which agent?

Answer 18

Chloroform (1 in 4000)

Question 19

What year was ASA founded?

Answer 19

1905

Question 20

Who developed the concept of an Anesthesiologist Assistant and ultimately created the profession?

Answer 20

Dr Gravenstein and Dr Volpitto

Question 21

First AA education program opened in whAt year?

Answer 21

1969 at Emory

Question 22

What year did the AAAA emerge?

Answer 22

1975

Question 23

What year did AMA recognize AA as an emerging medical profession?

Answer 23

1978

Question 24

What year of the formation of accreditation of AA?

Answer 24

1987

Question 25

Year in which national certification for AA was formed?

Answer 25

1989

Question 26

Year of first NCCAA exam administered?

Answer 26

1992

Question 27

What was the procedure that Ancient Americans performed to release "evil spirits" from someone?

Answer 27

They trephined the skull

Question 28

Name the compounds that were historically used for as anesthetics.

Answer 28

``` Mandrake leaves Black nightshade Poppies Refrigeration Alcohol and herbs ```

Question 29

What was the mortality rate in medical academic centers in early anesthesia practice?

Answer 29

20%

Question 30

What year did the ASA house of delegates give full endorsement to AA as a profession?

Answer 30

2000

Question 31

What is the 2nd largest physician specialty organization?

Answer 31

ASA