History 3. Shifting World Orders Key terms

Question 1

Autocracy

Answer 1

A system of government by one person with absolute power

Question 2

Bolsheviks

Answer 2

The radical left-wing political group which seized control of the Russian government in 1917

Question 3

Proletariat

Answer 3

Used by communists to describe the working class

Question 4

Tsar

Answer 4

The Russia emperor

Question 5

Collectivisation

Answer 5

the grouping together of farms to be owned by the state

Question 6

Industrialisation

Answer 6

The widescale development of industries in a country

Question 7

Purge

Answer 7

To remove a group of people from an organisation

Question 8

Soviet Union

Answer 8

Or USSR, the new name for Russia under Communist control

Question 9

Communism

Answer 9

An economic and political system in which all property is state-owned

Question 10

Democracy

Answer 10

A political system that allows the people to vote on how the country is run

Question 11

Dictator

Answer 11

A single strong leader who can do what they want and has complete power

Question 12

Fascism

Answer 12

A political system that puts the strength of the nation above the individual

Question 13

Totalitarian

Answer 13

A form of rule in which the government or leader has unlimited power over all aspects of society

Question 14

Fuhrer

Answer 14

Hitler’s title from 1934, when he became the absolute ruler of Germany

Question 15

Police State

Answer 15

A country where the government uses the police to spy on the people and stamp out opposition

Question 16

Weimar Republic

Answer 16

The German democratic government established after WWI

Question 17

Allies

Answer 17

The alliance between Britain, the USA, the USSR and France

Question 18

BEF

Answer 18

British Expeditionary Force

Question 19

Blitzkrieg

Answer 19

Tactic used by Hitler meaning lightening war

Question 20

Axis

Answer 20

The alliance that stood opposed to the allies made up of Germany, Japan and Italy

Question 21

Encircle

Answer 21

To surround an enemy army

Question 22

Red Army

Answer 22

Army of the Soviet Union

Question 23

Pincer movement

Answer 23

A movement by two separate groups of troops to close in on an enemy from two different directions

Question 24

Isolationist

Answer 24

The American policy of isolating itself from European and world affairs

Question 25

Lend-lease

Answer 25

A scheme under which the USA lent or leased vital supplies to Britain during the war

Question 26

Tariff

Answer 26

A tax paid on certain imports or exports

Question 27

Luftwaffe

Answer 27

The Nazi air forces

Question 28

Operation Overlord

Answer 28

The allied military operation to liberate France from Nazi occupation

Question 29

Capitalism

Answer 29

Where trade and industry are run by private individuals for profit

Question 30

Cold War

Answer 30

A state of political hostility between countries that doesn’t go quite as far as open warfare

Question 31

Sphere of influence

Answer 31

Region of the world in which one Superpower is dominant

Question 32

Superpower

Answer 32

An unusually strong country

Question 33

Arms race

Answer 33

When countries compete against each other to make more and more powerful weapons

Question 34

Deterrent

Answer 34

Something that prevents one country from attacking another

Question 35

Mutually Assured Destruction

Answer 35

the existence of massive nuclear weapons meant that a future World War could end life on earth