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Physical Diagnosis > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

Autonomy

A

Respects the patient’s need for self determination; pt has choices and may make them

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2
Q

Beneficience

A

Must do good

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3
Q

Nonmaleficience

A

Do no harm

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4
Q

Utilitarianism

A

Appropriate use of resources for community at large

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5
Q

Fairness and justice

A

Balance between autonomy and larger community

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6
Q

Deontological imperatives

A

Duty to act

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7
Q

Precision

A

Pay attention to detail; should be reproduced by others

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8
Q

Facilitation

A

“Please go on”

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9
Q

Confrontation

A

Bring patient’s behavior or awareness to conscious awareness

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10
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

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11
Q

Dysuria

A

Burning urination

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12
Q

Polyuria

A

Frequent urination

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13
Q

Polydipsia

A

Increased thirst

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14
Q

ROS

A

Review of Systems

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15
Q

Structure of Hx

A 
CC
HPI
PMH
FH
SH
ROS
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16
Q

CC

A

Patient’s age and gender; state complaint in patient’s own words

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17
Q

Palpate using palmer surface & finger pads for__; ulnar surface for ___; dorsal surface for ___.

A

Sensitivity; Vibration; Temperature

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18
Q

Use ___ &/or ____ to palpate for sensitivity; ___ to discern vibration; ___ to discern temperture

A

Palmar, finger pads; Ulnar; Dorsal

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19
Q

Percuss using

A

Middle distal phalanx on body surface; use middle finger to tap IP jt

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20
Q

Fist percussion to evalaute ___

A

Liver
Kidney
GB tenderness

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21
Q

What are you listening for when auscultating?

A

Intensity
Pitch
Duration
Quality

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22
Q

Bell
Diaphragm

Frequency; example

A

Bell: Low frequency; bruits
Diaphragm: High frequency; lung sounds

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23
Q

Bruit

A

Low pitched; turbulent flow; occlusion of vessels

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24
Q

Dual frequency stethoscope

A

Light pressure: Bell;

Heavy pressure: Diaphragm

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25
Q

From what distance do you perform the visual acuity tests?

A

Snellen: 20 ft
Tumbling E: 20
Rosenbaum(?): 14 inch

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26
Q

What do you use a 125 Hz tuning fork for? 512/1024 Hz?

A

125: Vibration

512/1024: Auditory screening

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27
Q

What do you use a monofilament test for?

A

Sensation of planter surface of the foot

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28
Q

Pulse oximeter

A

Blood oxygen saturation

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29
Q

What are categorized as vital signs?

A 
Temperature
BP
Pulse
Respiration rate
Pain? 0-10
30
Q

What is normal temperature?

A

37 degrees centigrade; 98.6 F

31
Q

What temp are described as:
Hypothermia?
Pyrexia
Hyperpyrexia/hyperthermia

A

99.5; >106

32
Q

What could be the cause of irregularly irregular pulse?

A

Atrial fibrillation

33
Q

What is normal respiration? Abnormal?

A

12-18 rpm
Tachypnea: >25
Bradypnea:

34
Q

At what level should the BP cuff be located?

A

middle of the upper arm; level of RA; midpoint of sternum

35
Q

Why palate the systolic BP?

A

Pts with hypotension

Elderly pts with Auscultatory gap; general idea of what systolic should be

36
Q

Which side of the stethoscope do you use to measure BP? Which Korotkoff sounds are heard best?

A

BELL: turbulent flow;

Phase 1: Systolic
Phase 5: Diastolic

37
Q

How do you determine MAP?

A

Mean arterial pressure= (S +2D)/3

38
Q

How do you determine PP (Pulse pressure)?

A

Systole- diastole

Normal: 30-50 mm Hg

39
Q

Systolic

A

Serious illness/shock

40
Q

Children pulse: __ with age

Children SBP: ___ with age

A

decrease; increase

41
Q

Normal BP:

A
42
Q

Prehypertension BP:

A

120-139; 80-89

43
Q

Hypertension I

A

140-159; 90-99

44
Q

Hypertension II

A

> 160; >100

45
Q

What is HTN Emergency?; What is HTN Urgency

A

> 180/120; progressive target organ dysfunction;

upper HTN II + SOB/HA

46
Q

Thigh BP; cuff placement; normal value; pt position

A

distal 1/3 of thigh; 20 mm Hg > Brachial SBP; Prone

47
Q

What denotes orthostatic hypotension?

A

SBP: Decrease 20 mm Hg; DBP: Decrease 10 mm Hg; Pulse +20 bpm w/in 3 mins of standing

48
Q

What causes orthostatic hypotension?

A

Diabetic neuropathy; Volume depletion; Meds (anti- HTN, diuretics, vasodilators); Prolonged recombent position

49
Q

Indications for Orthostatic hypotension:

A

Dizzy, fainting
GI bleeds
Diabetics
Anti- HTN meds (esp. elderly)

50
Q

Cachectic

A

Emaciated; weak body

51
Q

Erysipelas

A

red patchy on the skin; fever and illness

52
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

A

Moon shaped face with rosy cheeks

53
Q

Myxedema Facies

A

Thickening of facial features; doughy yellowed skin; no eyebrows (Queen ann sign); dry thin skin; sparse thin coarse hair

54
Q

Hyperthyroid facies

A

Thin skin, fine hair, big ol eyes goiter

55
Q

Acromegaly

A

(Elderly) enlargement of facial features; lots of GH secreted after epiphyses have united

56
Q

Hippocratic facies

A

Sunken face; sharp nose; dry rough skin; terminal stage of illness

57
Q

Alopecia areata (SLE)

A

Well circumcised coin shaped area of hair loss

58
Q

Nevi

A

Birthmark

59
Q

Paget’s disease

A

enlarged and misshapen bones; excessive breakdown and formation of bone

60
Q

Tracheal tug

A

Poor clinical relevance

61
Q

Goiter

A

Chronic enlargement of thyroid gland

62
Q

Order of Cervical LN Exam

A 
Occipital
Postauricular
Preauricular
Tonsillar
Submandibular
Submental
Posterior cervical
Deep cervical
Anterior/superficial cervical
Supraclavicular
Infraclavicular
63
Q

Hodgkin Disease

A

HUGE Enlargement of nodes; firm, rubbery, matted nodes

64
Q

Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

Diffuse cervical lymphadenopathy with matting

65
Q

Virchow’s Node

A

Enlarged L Supraclavicular lymph node: Thoracic/abdominal malignancy

66
Q

Delphian Nodes

A

Midline on thyroid membrane; Thyroid abnormalities or cancer

67
Q

Sister Mary Joseph Nodule

A

periumbilical nodule or mass; pelvic/intra-abdominal malignancy

68
Q

Scrofula

A

Cervical node lymphadenitis; TB

69
Q

Chloasma; Melasma

A

Mask of pregnancy; blotchy, brownish hyper pigmentation of face

70
Q

Myopia/hyperopia

A

Legally blind 20/200

Physical Diagnosis (1 decks)

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