History Flashcards
(381 cards)
1
Q
The scientific method included all the following steps except
A
Verifying the observations only once
2
Q
Which of the following is not credited to Isaac Newton
A
Use of the pendulum to measure time
3
Q
Boules law says that
A
Increasing pressure on a gas reduces its volume
4
Q
Who discovered the chemical substances of ammonia oxygen and carbon dioxide
A
Priestley
5
Q
The eighteenth century intellectual movement is known as the
A
Enlightenment
6
Q
The belief that sees reason as the only sure source of knowledge and truth is known as
A
Rationalism
7
Q
Which of the following is not true concerning the eighteenth century philosophers
A
They respected church tradition
8
Q
The farmers of the us constitution borrowed which idea from Montesquieu
A
Separation of powers
9
Q
What was the chief means for spreading the ideas of the philosophers
A
The encyclopedia
10
Q
The social contract maintained that the general will meant
A
Majority rule
11
Q
Which school of thought supported the existence of God as creator but denied his involvement in human affairs
A
Deism
12
Q
Which of the following was not a pietist
A
John Wesley
13
Q
Issac watts and Charles Wesley were noth both
A
Scientists
14
Q
El Greco is known for figures that are
A
Elongated
15
Q
Which of the following term doesn’t describe the baroque style
A
Balanced
16
Q
Which Dutch painter was known for his effect of contrasting light with dark
A
Rembrandt
17
Q
Which art style expressed the orderly formal and balanced approach of the enlightenment
A
Neoclassical
18
Q
Which of the following wasn’t a baroque composer
A
Haydn
19
Q
An oratorio is best described as
A
A combination of vocal and instrument music telling a sacred story
20
Q
Which of the following is not associated with Mozart
A
Religious cantatas
21
Q
What theory says that the sun is the center of the universe
A
Heliocentric
22
Q
What is the reasoning from specific cases to a general conclusion called
A
Inductive reasoning
23
Q
What philosophy says that everything is part of one great substances called God
A
Pantheism
24
Q
All knowledge comes through experience expresses which philosophy
A
Empirism
25
What were the eighteen century social critics known as
Philosphes
26
What is the eighteenth century American revival called
Great awakening
27
What term is applied to music with several intertwined melody lines
Polyphony
28
Who wrote decline and fall of the Roman Empire
Gibbon
29
The Roman Catholic Church threatened to excommunicate blank when he published his finding that confirmed the heliocentric theory
Galileo
30
Desist viewed the universe as a machine and blank as its grand architect
God
31
French comedies
Moliere
32
To err is human to forgive divine
Pope
33
Gullivers travels
Swift
34
Robinsons cursor
Defoe
35
Outspoken critic of Christianity
Gibbon
36
Heliocentric theory
Copernicus
37
Telescopes improvements
Galileo
38
Chemicals used to treat disease
Paracelsus
39
Circulation of blood
Harvey
40
Vaccinations
Jenner
41
Father of modern chemistry
Lavoisier
42
Mapmaker
Mercator
43
Microscope improvements
Leeuwenhoek
44
Deductive reasoning
Descartes
45
Inductive reasoning
Bacon
46
The basic difference between the American and French revolutions is that American movement
Was consecutive; the French, radical
47
Civil authority for the Plymouth colony was established by the
Mayflower compact
48
After a century of noninterference why did England begin to tax and regulate the colonies
The English Government wanted the colonies to help pay for recent wars
49
The British began placing restrictions on the colonies after
A series of wars on the European continent
50
The battle of Saratoga was a Turing point for the Americans because the
French decided to support the colonists
51
Popular sovereignty is government by
The consent of the governed
52
Which of the following was not a cause of the French Revolution
The discontent of the first estate
53
The taille , the capitation, and the vingtieme were
Types of taxes
54
Once the estates general convened the initial issue was the
Number of votes each estate would receive
55
The tennis court oath declared that the delegates of the third estate would not disband until
A written constitution was established
56
Which event symbolized the downfall of the old regime
The storming of the Bastille
57
Which 1789 French document lists the national rights of all people and the rights possessed by citizens
Declaration of the rights of man
58
Which of the following is not true of the Brunswick manifesto
It restored the people's trust in Louis XVI
59
The purpose of he reign of terror was to get rid of
Opposition to the revolution
60
The saying a revolution devours its own is illustrated by the
Arrest and death of Robespierre and his followers
61
What was napoleons most famous and enduring accomplishment
The code Napoleon
62
The continental system was designed to
Cut off trade with England
63
Who was king of England during the American Revolution
King George 111
64
What principle delegates specific powers to the national government and reserves all others for state governments
Federalism
65
At was the term for the French system of forced labor
Corvee
66
What was the term for the lines of grievances Louis subjects compiled
Cahiers
67
What were workers in Paris who wore full length trousers called
Sans couttes
68
What was mobilization of the entire French nation for battle called
Leeve en masse
69
What was the famous instrument of execution used during the French Revolution
Gallition
70
What term is the sudden and illegal seizure of power
Coup de tat
71
Which battle was napoleons greatest triumph
Austelits
72
To what place was Napoleon finally existed
St. Helena
73
The first and second estate were considered privileged classes because they blank taxes
Didn't pay
74
King during the French Revolution
Louis XVI
75
Prominent jacobin executed by Robespierre
Danton
76
British admiral
Nelson
77
First consul for life
Napoleon
78
Russian czar
Alexander I
79
Victorious general at Waterloo
Wellington
80
Which Austria dimple at exerted such an influence over European politics that's he era of 1815 to 1848 is named after him
Metternich
81
Who was invited to assume the French throne after napoleons defeat
Louis XVIII
82
Which quintuple alliance member strongly opposed the plan to restore the Spanish colonies to the monarchy of Spain
Great Britain
83
Which United States president warned European nations against establishing colonies in the Western Hemisphere
Monroe
84
In 1830 which French King was forced to flee France after the people of Paris revolted against his attempts to restrict certain freedoms
Charles X
85
The treaty of London provided for
Belgium's independence and neutrality
86
The French constitution of 1848 established universal manhood suffrage
All men could vote
87
Who was the French leader who staged a coup de tat in 1851 and later proclaimed himself emperor
Napoleon 111
88
Which Russian czar replaced westernization with Russification
Nicholas I
89
He first major international conflict after the defeat of Napoleon was the
Crimean war
90
He man primarily responsible for unifying Italy was
Cavour
91
Which Italian patriot had flowers called red shirts
Garibaldi
92
The architect of German unification was
Bismarck
93
The dual monarchy made Austria equal partners with what other nation
Hungary
94
Which Russian czar abolished serfdom in 1861 but was assassinated in 1881
Alexander II
95
The man primarily responsible for unifying Italy was
Cavour
96
What great Russian poet who supported the Decembrist revolt in 1825 used nationalism as a major theme in his writing
Pushkin
97
The man who bridged the gap between classical and romantic music was
Beethoven
98
Who was the great opera composer associated with the cause of Italian u I fixation
Verdi
99
Scottish author of Ivanhoe
Scout
100
French author of the hunch back of Norte dame
Hugo
101
Poet that described a Mongol palace and the voyage of an old seaman
Coleridge
102
Author of German fairy tales
Grimm
103
German author of Faust
Goethe
104
American author of mysterious and emotional poems and short stories
Poe
105
American novelist who glorified the noble savage
Cooper
106
British poet who died in a Greek war for independence
Bryon
107
Nutcracker ballet and 1812 overture
Tchaikovsky
108
Neoclassical painter
David
109
British painter of landscapes
Constable
110
Larger orchestra size and additions of the trombone and piccolo
Beethoven
111
Painter of Liberty leading the people
Delacroix
112
One of the most accomplished pianists of his day
Liszt
113
Operas based on German myths
Wagner
114
which Austrian diplomat exerted such an influence over European politics that the era of 1815 to1848 is named after him
metternich
115
who was invited to assume the French throne after napoleons defeat
louis XVIII
116
which quintule alliance member strongly opposed the plan to restore the Spanish colonies to the monarchy of spain
great britian
117
which united states president warned European nations against establishing colonies in the western hemisphere
monroe
118
in 1830 which French king was forced to flee france after the people of paris revolted against his attempts to restrict certain freedoms
Charles X
119
the treaty of London provided for
Belgium independence and neutrality
120
the French constitution of 1848 established universal manhood suffrage which meant
all men could vote
121
who was the French leader who staged a coup de tat in 1851 and later proclaimed himself emperor
napoleon 111
122
which Russian czar replaced westernization with russification
Nicholas 1
123
the first major international conflict after the defeat of napoleon was the
Crimean war
124
the man primarily responsible for unifing Italy was
cavour
125
which Italian patriot had followers called red shirts
garibaldi
126
the architect of german unifaction was
bismark
127
the dual monarchy made Austria equal partners with what other nation
hungary
128
which Russian czar abolished serfdom in 1861 but was assassinated in 1881
alexander 11
129
the man primarily responsible for unifying Italy was
Cavour
130
what great Russian poet who supported the December revolt in 1825 used nationalism as a major theme in his writing
pushkin
131
the man who bridged the gap between classical and romantic music was
beethoven
132
who was the great opera composer associated with the cause of Italian unification
verdi
133
Scottish author of ivan hoe
scot
134
French author of the hunchback of notre dame
hugo
135
poet that described a mongol palace and the voyage of an old seaman
coleridge
136
author of german fairytales
grimm
137
german author of faust
gothe
138
American author of mysterious and emotional poems and short stories
poe
139
American novelist who glorfied the noble savage
cooper
140
british poet who died in a greek war for independence
bryon
141
nutcracker ballet and 1812 overture
tchaikovsky
142
neoclassical painter
david
143
british painter of landscapes
constable
144
larger orchestra size and additions o the trombone and piccolo
Beethoven
145
painter of liberty leading the people
delacroix
146
one of the most accomplished pianists of his day
liszt
147
operas based on german myths
wagner
148
what were men called who wanted to reverse the trends begun by the French revolution and restore Europe to its pre revolution conditions
reactionaries
149
who represented france at the congress of Vienna
talleyrand
150
what term is used to describe the compensation france had to pay other nations for war damages
indemnities
151
who was the citizen king who replaced Charles X in france
louis phillipe
152
whose efforts as a nurse during the Crimean war made her a national heroine in great britian
Florence nightingale
153
what was the nationalist movement for itailan unification called
risarginmento
154
the policy of doing whatever is necessary to obtain national goals is known as
realpoltik
155
after liberal revolution in 1830 and 1848 france ended up with a
dictarship
156
the enclosure movement resulted in
a decrease in the number of small farms
157
the industrial revolution had its start in what industry
textile
158
which of the following was not changed for the worker brought on by the factory sytem
the worker was required to supply his own tools
159
the man who was responsible for an inexpensive and efficent process for making steel
henry bessmer
160
john macadam aided the building of
roads
161
all the following contributed to the tremendous and American between 1870 and 1941 except industrail growth in Europe
custom made parts
162
the nation which led the way in social reform was
great britian
163
who led the antislavery movement in England
William weberforce
164
in 1846 parliament repealed the corn laws which had established
a high tariff on imported grain
165
prior to 1832 voting in England was limited to
those who owned land
166
which monarchs reign was the longest in british history
victoria
167
chartism was a movement that advocated reform in
voting
168
the british prime minister who helped pass the reform bill of 1867 was
disraeli
169
William Gladstone faced the promblom of british rule of
ireland
170
the parliament bill of 1911
took the power of veto away from the house of lords
171
a state in which the government assumes the responsibility an social well being of every individual is called what
welfare state
172
which of the following is not true about socialism
under socialism indivuals are held responsible for their actions
173
karl marx called which of the following a drug used by the ruling class keep workers in subjection
religion
174
marx believed capitalist exploitation of the workers could be solved only through
revolution
175
what novelist gave vivid descriptions of the bleak conditions of industrial cities and debots prisons
Charles dickens
176
auguste Renoir and claude monet were both French
post impressionists
177
called the prince of preachers
C. H. Spurgeon
178
led evangelistic campaigns in britain and america
D L moody
179
founded the YMCA
george williams
180
founded orphanages in bristol england
george mueller
181
founded sunday school
robert raikes
182
founded the salvation army
william booth
183
atomic theory
dalton
184
E=mc2
einstein
185
radioactive matter
curie
186
x-rays
roentgen
187
evolution
darwin
188
periodic table
mendeleev
189
electron oribits
bohr
190
nucleus and electrons
rutherford
191
great russian novelist
tolstoy
192
famous realist painter
monet
193
one of the foremost sculptors of the nineteenth century
rodin
194
composer of impressionism music
debussy
195
forerunner of expressionism in painting
van gogh
196
who was the father of the industrial revolution
arkwright
197
who was one of the first american auto manufactures to use assembly lines
henry ford
198
which of the following land acquisition doubled the size of the united states
louisiana purchase
199
the spanish american war resulted from stains mistreatment of
cuba
200
the roosevelt corollary to the monroe doctrine was a reaction to
european threats to intervene in latin america
201
during the nineteenth century british colonies were granted what right that later allowed independence without widespread revolt
self government
202
which of the following permitted french canadians the right to retain their language law and customs and to practice freely their roman catholic religion
quebec act
203
most of austails original settlers were
convicts
204
the first european to settle south africa were the dutch
dutch
205
the man who led an army over the andes mountains to free chili and peru from the spanish was
jose de san martin
206
who declared brazil independent and became its emperor
dom pedro
207
the battle of plassey helped ensure british dominance in
india
208
which briton led his forces to defeat an indian ruler in 1757
robert clive
209
the sepoy mutiny was a revolt
of the indian soldiers employed by the east india company
210
the principle of extraterritoriality dealt with
trail of western in the courts of their own company
211
the boxer rebellion occurred because
the chinese wanted to eliminate western influence
212
which treaty was the first foreign legion an elite army unit in western nation
treaty of kanagawa
213
who founded the famous foreign legion an elite army unit in west africa
france
214
the anglo russian entente divided which area into three parts
persia
215
the most positive result of imperialism was the
missionary outreach
216
the mysterious explosion of what ship precipitated the spanish american war
use maine
217
which englishman was an early explorer of australia and new zealand
james cook
218
who was the liberator who led the struggle for freedom in the northern portion of south america
simon bolivar
219
frontier states of the united states entered the union as an blank basis with the original colonis
equal
220
latin american countries experienced what type of government after gaining independence
great instability
221
baptist missionary to india
carey
222
pioneer missionary in china
taylor
223
missionary to the cannibals of west africa
slessor
224
explorer hired by the king of belgium and by a us newspaper
stanley
225
missionary explorer who spent his life among the africans
livingstone
226
dutch farmers
bocks
227
spaniards born in spain who represented the king in latin america
peninsulars
228
spaniards born in the new world
criollos
229
those of mixed indian and spanish blood
mestizos
230
ambitions military leaders in latin america who established dictatorships
caudillos
231
indian soldiers employed by the british
sepoys
232
purchased the louisiana territory from napoleon for the united states
jefferson
233
us president who stated that europe could not colonize any more in the americans
monroe
234
us president who refused european intervention in latin america for any reason
roosevelt
235
british empire builder who sought a string of land in africa from cape to cairo
rhodes
236
king of belgium who conquered the congo
leopold 11
237
who was the steel manufactures who gave money to build the peace palace in the netherlands
andrew carnegie
238
bismarks system was an attempt by the german chancellor to isolate
france
239
the entente cordiale was a friendly understanding between france and
britian
240
the schlieffan plan was designed to
defeat france before russia could organize for war
241
the immediate cause of britains entrance into world war 1 was
the violation of belgian neutrality
242
why did germany agree to sign an armistice to end world war 1
germany thought the fourteen points would be the basis for the peace treaty
243
which of the following was one of the results of the treaty of versailles
poland was established as an independent country
244
what country was forbidden anschluss with germany after world war 1
austria
245
which american banker loaned money to german =y after the war
charles dawes
246
name the area between the adraitic and black sea that was called the powder keg of europe
balkins
247
austral sent serbia a list of demands threatening war if they were not accepted what is such statement called
ultaintum
248
what term means to make country troops ready for battle
mobilize
249
what are the long slender german airships similar to modern blimps called
zeplens
250
what phrase describes the sinking of all ships armed or not that carried supplies to the allies
unrestricted submarine warfare
251
what is an armistice
temporary ending of the fighting
252
under the treaty of versailles the allies forced germany to make what kind of payments
reperations
253
what clause in the treaty placed the entire blame for the war on germany and its allies
war guilt clause
254
what term describes the territories technically under the control of the league of nations but actually held by the various allied countries
mandates
255
what is disarmament
disarming the troops
256
inventor who established a prize to further world peace
nobel
257
the chancellor of germany until 1890
bismarck
258
the czar of russia who abdicted his throne
nicholas 11
259
the general who led the american expeditionary force in world war 1
pershing
260
chief of the allied armies in france
foch
261
secret signed between germany and russia
reinsurance treaty
262
treaty that took russia out of world war 1
treaty of brest litovsk
263
wilsons peace plan for ending world war 1
fourteen points
264
treaty signed between germany and the allies near paris
treaty of versailles
265
treaty that dismantled the ottoman empire
treaty of servres
266
treaty signed by austria recognizing hungarys independence
treaty of st germain
267
organization designed to discuss differences rather than to fight over them
league of nations
268
nonaggression treaty signed by germany belgium and france in 1925
attempt to disarm the great naval powers in the early 1920
269
agreement that renounced war as an instrument of national policy
kellogg briand park
270
archduke of austria hungary assainated in sarajevo
ferdinand
271
kaiser of Germany who fled following world war 1
wilhelm 11
272
german general who defeated russian in several battles
hindenburg
273
prime minister of britain who attended the paris peace conference
lloyd george
274
french representative at the paris peace conference
clemenceau
275
the statute of westminster established
a british commonwealth of nations
276
during the period between the first and second world wars france faced all the following problems except
industrial unemployment worse than that of any other european country
277
which of the following was not a prelude to the revolution in russia
new economic policy
278
lenis demand was part of that russian peanuts turn over their surplus crops to the state
war communism
279
the new economic policy may best be described as
a temporary retreat from communism to rescue the russian economy
280
the comintern was organized to
found communist parties in the other countries
281
mussolini attempt to make italy economically self sufficient was called
autarky
282
which of the following is not associated with hitler
five year plans
283
frank lloyd wright was an american
architect
284
the waste land was written by
T S eliot
285
what occurred in october 1929
the american stock market collapsed
286
what is government relief for the unemployed in britain called
dole
287
what term was used for the organized massacres of jews in russia
programs
288
which monk became an adviser to the russian royal family
reputin
289
what was the murdering of thousands of communists party members under stalin known as
purges
290
what as the german variety of racism
nazis
291
what title did mussolini give himself
Il duce
292
who is sometimes considered the father of modern music
stravinsky
293
ramsay macdonald
britain
294
maginot line
france
295
facist party
italy
296
bloody sunday
russia
297
weimar republic
germany
298
louis sullivan
united states
299
led the popular front a coalition of french parties
blum
300
received most of the blame for the depression
hoover
301
elected president of the untied states in 1932
roosevelt
302
supported the russian programs
alexander 111
303
led the provisional government following the czars addiction
kerensky
304
led the ss and gestapo
himmlet
305
led the red army during the russian civil war
trotsky
306
conducted a reign of terror to purge his party of disloyal members
stalin
307
signed the latter treaties with the vatican
mussolini
308
four year plan
hitler
309
the spanish civil war is called a dress rehearsal for world war 11 became
germany and italy tried out new weapons under battle conditions
310
what british prime mister believed he had achieved peace by yielding to hitlers expansionist plans in czechoslovakia
neville chamberlain
311
in which pre world war 11 conference did the western democracies attempt to appease hitler
munich conference
312
the world was shocked in august 1939 when hitler announced that germany had signed a nonaggression pact with
the soviet union
313
after which of the following did a sitzkrieg occur in military operations during world war 11
invasion of poland
314
the term fifth columnists refers to
trainers working within a country to help an invador
315
the german defeated france in 1940 because the french
did not expect hitler to come through the forests of the ardennes
316
the miracle at dunkirk was
a retreat of allied soldiers
317
after hitler conquered france french resistance contained through the fee french movement led by
charles de gaulle
318
when winston churchill said never in the field of human conflict was so much owned by so many to so few he was referring to the
pilots of the royal force
319
during the battle of britain the united states
offered britain all types of aid short of declaring war
320
a date which will live in infamy refers to an attack on
pearl habor
321
the term d day refers to the
allied invasion of france
322
the island hopping technique was successful because
american troops simply bypassed japanese troops on islands that would not make good air bases
323
the russian were allowed to enter berlin first because of an agreement
yalta
324
what term means forbidding the sale of certain materials to a country
sanactions
325
what policy is the buying off of an aggressor by making concession
appeasment
326
at which point port city were allied troops evacuated by almost anything from britain that could float
dunkirk
327
give the date for the japanese attack on pearl harbor
1941 dec 7
328
what was the code name for the normandy invasion by the allies
operation overload
329
what were japanese suicide pilots called
kanikaza
330
which battle was the last attack made by germany
battle of the bulge
331
who was the new british prime minster at the end of world war 11
atlee
332
founded of the kuomintang and the chinease republic
sun yatseen
333
leader of vichy france
petain
334
we shall fight on the beaches we shall fight in the fields we shall never surrender
churchill
335
japanese military leader
tojo
336
i shall return
MacAruther
337
ordered the dropping of the atomic bomb
truman
338
leader of the swainish facists
franco
339
french representative at munich
daladier
340
norwegian
quisling
341
desert fox
rommel
342
british prime mister during world war 11
churchill
343
british commander in north africa
montgomery
344
supreme allied commander in europe
eisenhower
345
american commander in the pacific
MacAruther
346
yugoslavia differed from other communist states in eastern europe in that it
maintained a greater of independence from moscow
347
what was the us policy after world war 11 that determined to keep communism within its set borders
containment
348
the limited wars of the cold war were
conflicts between two small powers each backed by either the soviet union or the us
349
the immediate cause of the korean war was the
north korea invasion of south korea
350
after the battle of dien bien pho the french decided to
withdrawn from vietnam
351
the viet cong was
a group of communist guerrillas in south vietnam
352
the U-2 incident refers to
an american spy plane shot down by the soviets
353
one of the most serious cries of the cold war occurred in 1962 when the united states insisted that
soviet missiles be removed from cuba
354
president reagan proposed the strategic defensive initiative because
he wanted to deal with the soviet union from a position of strength
355
gorbachevs goal in introducing perestroika was to
increase industrial productivity
356
the purpose of the cultural revolution was to
renew the zeal of the Chinese revolution
357
THE fifth republics constitution provided for a
strong president
358
name the containment policy implemented after world war 11 to prevent communist aggression
truman doctrine
359
what was the military alliance called that included russia and its satellite states in eastern europe
warsaw pact
360
which theory maintained that if one country fell to communism then other countries would fall to communism
domino theory
361
who seized power in cuba in 1959 and allied his country with the soviet union
fidel castro
362
what was the name of the first man made satellite successfully launched
sputnick
363
what became the most recognizable symbol of the cold war
berlin wall
364
what term describes the relaxation of tension during the cold war
dentente
365
what is the workers union in poland that secured the election of the nations first non communist leader since the end of world war 11
solidarity
366
an iron curtain has descended across the continent
churhill
367
communist leader of yugolavia
tito
368
relived of duty as un commander in korea
MacAruther
369
declared vietnam independent of french rule
Ho ChiMinch
370
introduced glasnot
gorbachev
371
first non communist leader of poland since 1945
walesa
372
led the opposition to the attempted coup in1991 in the soviet union
yeltsin
373
the iron lady of british conservation
thatcher
374
demanded that the berlin wall be torn down
reagan
375
established the american policy of containment
truman
376
presided over the vietnamization of the war in vietnam
nixon
377
pursued peaceful coexistence with the soviets
eisenhower
378
forced the soviets to remove their missiles from cuba
kennedy
379
declined to run for reelection because of his unpopular policies in vietnam
johnson
380
list and briefly discus the three important factors that caused britain to lead the industrial revolution
The first is an adequate food supply-new machines supply that was sufficient to meet the demands of the growing urban population.
The second is a large and mobile labor force-as a result of the increased efficiency and productivity in agriculture fewer people who needed to produce the food.
The third is expansion of trade-this trade expanded as the number of british colonial possessions increased
381
explain and briefly discuss the marshall plan. Explain how it served to intensify the cold war
In april 1948 truman signed the european recovery act or marshall plan as it was popularly called which provided 5.3 billion for the program. western european countries eagerly accepted the funds. over the next four years their economics dramatically improved.The long term purposes of the marshall plan was to thwart any advances of communism in western Europe by rebuilding those countries economically.
