history and Structure of Policing (chp 5) Flashcards
bow street runners
created by Henry Fielding; the best and most disciplined enforcement agents that London had to offer
new police
the model for modern-day police forces throughout the western world; they were uniformed (like military) and adopted military administration style
who created the new police and when?
1829; Sir Robert Peel
bobbies
organized under two principles:
- the belief it was possible to discourage crime
- the practice of preventative administration style
american policing and the frontier
huge uncharted territory made it difficult to track and punish criminals; citizen posses and vigilante groups were often the only law available
when and where was the first formal organization of watchmen created?
1844 creation of NY police department
where was the second police department created?
1855- boston
International association of chiefs of police (IACP)
became the nation wide clearing house of criminal identification
Alice Stebbins Wells
first woman to join the police force
which police department became the first to have a woman police officer?
1910 Los Angeles Police Department
fraternal order of police (FOP)
patterned after labor unions but didn’t support strikes
Wickersham commission
recognized that prohibition was unenforceable and reported that it carried a great potential for police corruption
law enforcement assistance (LEAA)
Funneled federal money to pay for crime reporting, technology, research…
Evidence-Based Policing
the use of the best available research on the outcomes of police work to implement guidelines and evaluate agencies, units, and officers
Kansas city experiment
first large scale scientific study of law enforcement; applied and evaluated police managment
true or false: today’s EBP model has been called the single “most powerful force for change” in policing today
true
Pennsylvania state police
“the first modern state police agency”
state level agencies are divided into two two groups
centralized and decentralized
centralized model
the tasks of major criminal investigations are combined with the patrol of state highways;
- help assist local law enforcement in criminal investigations, -patrol the state’s highways
- maintain a centralized criminal records repository
decentralized model
draw a clear distinction between traffic enforcement on state highways and other state-level law enforcement functions by creating at least two separate agencies
what are the three legislative and judicial jurisdictions in the US?
federal, state, and local
example of local police
rural sheriff’s department, campus police and transit police
what is the nations largest law enforcement agency?
NYPD
sworn officer
a law enforcement officer who is trained and empowered to perform full police duties, such as making arrests, conducting investigations, and carrying firearms
