History Chapter 9

Question 1

policy by which stronger nations extend their political, economic, and military, control over weaker territories

Answer 1

Imperialism

Question 2

colonial economies based on an imperialist nation extracting or removing raw materials

Answer 2

Extractive Economy

Question 3

naval historian who advocated for naval power as the basis for a great nation; urged the U.S. to build a modern fleet

Answer 3

Alfred T. Mahan

Question 4

belief that Darwin’s theory of the survival of the fittest should be applied to societies, justifying imperialism

Answer 4

Social Darwinism

Question 5

historian who noted the closure of the American frontier; his ideas were used by others to urge U.S. overseas expansion

Answer 5

Fredrick J. Turner

Question 6

U.S. naval commander who sailed a fleet into Tokyo Bay and opened trade with Japan in 1853

Answer 6

Matthew Perry

Question 7

Hawaiian monarch dethroned in 1893 by rebel American planters in an action backed by U.S. Marines

Answer 7

Queen Liliuokalani

Question 8

Cuban patriot who launched a war for independence from Spain in 1895

Answer 8

Jose Marti

Question 9

owner of the New York Journal who, along with Joseph Pulitzer of the New York World, started the Yellow Press

Answer 9

William Randolph Hearst

Question 10

sensationalized and exaggerated reporting on Spanish atrocities in Cuba

Answer 10

Yellow Press

Question 11

aggressive nationalism

Answer 11

Jingoism

Question 12

commodore of the U.S. squadron that destroyed the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay

Answer 12

George Dewey

Question 13

leader of Filipino nationalists who defeated the Spanish Army

Answer 13

Emilio Aguinaldo

Question 14

volunteer cavalry unit assembled by Theodore Roosevelt, famous for their 1898 charge at San Juan Hill

Answer 14

Rough Riders

Question 15

ended the Spanish-American War and included U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico and the purchase of the Philippines

Answer 15

Treaty of Paris

Question 16

rebellion or revolt

Answer 16

Insurrection

Question 17

form of non-traditional warfare, generally by small bands of fighters

Answer 17

Guerrilla Warfare

Question 18

future president, appointed governor of the Philippines in the 1901

Answer 18

William Howard Taft

Question 19

zones in China that gave European powers exclusive access to commerce

Answer 19

Sphere of Influence

Question 20

U.S. Secretary of State who asserted the “Open Door Policy” in China

Answer 20

John Hay

Question 21

1900 revolt by secret Chinese societies against outside influences

Answer 21

Boxer Rebellion

Question 22

Secretary of State John Hay’s policy of opposing European colonies and “spheres of influence” in China

Answer 22

Open Door Policy

Question 23

war launched by Japan in 1904 to remove Russian influence in China; settled by Theodore Roosevelt in the Treaty of Portsmouth

Answer 23

Russo-Japanese War

Question 24

allowed Japanese children to attend public schools with whites in California while Japan agreed to limit emigration to the U.S.

Answer 24

“Gentlemen’s Agreement”

Question 25

1907 world cruise by an armada of U.S. battleships to demonstrate American naval strength

Answer 25

Great White Fleet

Question 26

established civil government in Puerto Rico with an appointed governor

Answer 26

Foraker Act

Question 27

addendum to Cuba’s constitution restricting Cuba’s independence from the United States

Answer 27

Platt Amendment

Question 28

Theodore Roosevelt’s approach to international relations that depended on a strong military to achieve its aims

Answer 28

"big stick" diplomacy

Question 29

waterway dug across Panama to shorten the trip between the Atlantic and the Pacific

Answer 29

Panama Canal

Question 30

Roosevelt’s addition to the Monroe Doctrine, which stated that the U.S. would intervene in Latin America in order to prevent European intervention

Answer 30

Roosevelt Corrollary

Question 31

President Taft’s policy to encourage investment rather than use force in Latin America

Answer 31

"dollar diplomacy"

Question 32

President Wilson’s policy to encourage human rights and opportunity rather than act in our own self-interest in Latin America

Answer 32

"moral diplomacy"

Question 33

Mexican guerrilla and outlaw who eluded capture by General Pershing for 11 months in 1916-1917

Answer 33

Fransisco "Pancho" Villa