History: Charles I Flashcards
(23 cards)
What were the six causes of civil war?
1) ruled without parliament for 11 years
2) created star chamber
3) everyone had to pay ship tax
4) made Scotland use a new book of prayers
5) arrested the 5 MP’s
6) married a French princess, Henrietta Maria, she was catholic
What were the parliaments demands?
8
1) Lord Strafford( evil ministers ) was executed
2) Members of Parliament would be the King’s advisors
3) the star chamber was abolished
4) parliament must meet every 3 years
5) Archbishop Laud ( evil minister ) was imprisoned
6) ship tax was made illegal
7) the king can no longer dissolve parliament without their permission
8) the army must be controlled by the Parliament
What was a cavalier and what did they believe in ?
Cavalier = royalist soldier
• believed in Divine Right
• thought the King had the rights to collect taxes
• supported changes to make churches more Catholics
• thought it was wrong to go to war against King
What was a Roundhead and what did they believe in?
Roundhead= parliamentarian soldier
• believed that parliament should make laws and govern the country
• thought that Parliament shouldn’t agree to the King to raise taxes
• wanted to make churches more Protestant
• believed that if the Kings was wrong then it’s alright to not obey him
What does Divine Right mean?
The monarch is chosen by God
When was the Battle of Edgehill?
23rd October, 1642
Who won the Battle of Edgehill?
Confused draw
What happened on 12th November?
Charles was forced to turn back at Turnham Green by citizens because they built earth mounds and put snipers in every cottage
Who did the navy support and what did they do to help ?
Parliament
Captured all ports so Charles couldn’t get help from other countries
Who did Parliament make allies with and when ?
Scotland on 23rd November, 1643
Who also joined parliament ?
Oliver Cromwell
When was the Battle of Marston Moor?
2nd July, 1644
Who won the Battle of Marston Moor?
Parliament
What has Charles lost?
Guns, supplies, solidiers, private papers
What was the name of Cromwell’s new army?
New Model Army
When was the Battle of Naseby?
14th June, 1645
Who won the Battle of Naseby?
Parliament
Charles was captured
What was the name of the battle of the second civil war and why did it happen and when?
The Battle of Preston
Charles made a treaty with the Scots in 1648
What was the outcome of the Battle of Preston?
Parliament won
Charles was put on trial for treason
What happened to Charles after civil war?
He had to be publicly executed
Why did people refuse to execute Charles?
Because they believed in Divine Right
Did anybody finally agree to execute Charles?
2 men agreed to do it in disguise
How long did he rule England for? ( years )
1625-1649
