HISTORY & DEVELOPMENT OF RADTHERAPY

Question 1

Father of medicine

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

Terms Hippocrates coined

Answer 2

carcinos and carcinoma

Question 3

What word did carcinos and carcinoma came from?

Answer 3

Came from the Greek word karkinos meaning crab

Question 4

mother of roentgen

Answer 4

Charlotte Constanze Frowein

Question 5

Adopted child of roentgen

Answer 5

Josephine Bertha Ludwig

Question 6

first xray fatality

Answer 6

Clarence dally

Question 7

When was the discovery of xray

Answer 7

November 8, 1895

Question 8

When did the first radiograph take place?

Answer 8

December 26, 1895

Question 9

Who was the first radiograph?

Answer 9

Anna Bertha Ludwig

Question 10

He irradiated rose lee due to a locally advanced left breast cancer

Answer 10

Emile H. Grubbe

Question 11

When did Grubbe irradiate rose lee?

Answer 11

January 29, 1896

Question 12

He is the world’s first radiation oncologist

Answer 12

Emile H. Grubbe

Question 13

Discovered natural radioactivity from uranium salts

Answer 13

Antoine Henri Becquerel

Question 14

Father of Radioactivity

Answer 14

Antoine Henri Becquerel

Question 15

What year did becquerel discover radioactivity?

Answer 15

1896

Question 16

1st physicist to use ionizing radiation for treatment

Answer 16

Leopold Freund

Question 17

Irradiated hairy moles at a 5 year old

Answer 17

Leopold Freund

Question 18

When did freund publish his 1st textbook on radiation therapy

Answer 18

November 24, 1896

Question 19

Discovered radium and polonium

Answer 19

Marie & Pierre Curie

Question 20

When did Marie & Pierre Curie discover radium and polonium

Answer 20

1898

Question 21

They postulated the laws of radiosensitivity

Answer 21

Jean Alban Bergonie & Louis Tribondeau

Question 22

What are the laws of radiosensitivity?

Answer 22

• Stem cells are radiosensitive; mature cells are radio-resistant.
• Younger tissues and organs are radiosensitive.
• Tissues with high metabolic activity are radiosensitive.
• High proliferation rate for cells and high tissue growth rate result in increased radiosensitivity.

Question 23

When did tribondeau and bergonie formulate the laws of radiosensitivity?

Answer 23

1906

Question 24

What did Wolf Wideroe do?

Answer 24

Constructed the first LINAC

Question 25

Who proposed the principles of LINAC and when was it proposed?

Answer 25

Gustav Irsing, 1926

Question 26

When did Wolf Wideroe contruct the Linac

Answer 26

1928

Question 27

What did Claudius Regaud & Henri Coutard do? and when did that happen?

Answer 27

- Proposed that treatment may be better tolerated & more effective if it was delivered more slowly w/ modest doses per day over several weeks - 1930

Question 28

Who discovered the neutron and when was it discovered?

Answer 28

James Chadwick, 1932

Question 29

What did irene & frederick joliot curie discover?

Answer 29

first ever artificially radioactive atoms?

Question 30

When did Irene and Frederic Joliot Curie discovered artificial radioactivity?

Answer 30

1934

Question 31

What did Ernest Orlando Lawrence do?

Answer 31

invented cyclotron

Question 32

When did lawrence invent the cyclotron?

Answer 32

1939

Question 33

Aside from inventing the cyclotron, what was Lawrence known for?

Answer 33

He was known for his work on uranium-isotope separation

Question 34

Who developed the betatron?

Answer 34

Donald William Kerst

Question 35

When did Kerst develop the betatron?

Answer 35

1940

Question 36

it is a novel type of particle accelerator used to accelerate electrons

Answer 36

Betatron

Question 37

When did the 1st patient receive his therapy for cancer using the betatron?

Answer 37

March 29, 1949

Question 38

First hospital that had the first cobalt 60 instillation

Answer 38

Victoria Hospital, Ontario London

Question 39

When did the world's 1st patient treated w/ cobalt-60 teletherapy

Answer 39

November 5, 1951

Question 40

He instilled the 1st medical LINAC in Stanford California

Answer 40

Henry S. Kaplan

Question 41

Who was the patient treated with Linac for retinoblastoma in 1957?

Answer 41

Gordon Isaacs

Question 42

He developed the Paris System for brachytherapy (when did the person develop it)

Answer 42

Bernard Pierquin, 1960

Question 43

Developed CT

Answer 43

Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield

Question 44

When did Hounsfield develop the CT

Answer 44

1972

Question 45

What was the first body part that was scanned in CT?

Answer 45

Human head

Question 46

Year where the first use of scanners & computer for IMRT happened?

Answer 46

1990

Question 47

what does IMRT stand for?

Answer 47

Intensity modulated Radiation Therapy

Question 48

It is a beam-limiting device that is made of individual "leaves" of a high atomic numbered material, usually tungsten, that can move independently in and out of the path of a radiotherapy beam in order to shape it and vary its intensity.

Answer 48

Multi-leaf collimator