History Exam Flashcards
(31 cards)
What were the four causes of WWI?
- Militarism
- Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
How did militarism lead to World War 1?
- Caused an arms race.
- Countries competing with one another to maintain military superiority increased tensions.
Memorize the alliances between european countries.
How did alliances lead to World War One?
Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, causing Serbia and Austria-Hungary to enter a conflict. Their alliances jumped to protect one another, causing a large world war.
How did imperialism lead to World War One?
Imperialism amongst Britain and France caused increased tensions in European countries. This led to nations competing for more land and more power, starting rivalries.
How did nationalism lead to World War One?
Similarly to imperialism, nationalism created further tensions and competition among countries, with each nation trying to top one another and assert their power and independence. A Serbian nationalist is also who killed Franz Ferdinand.
What was the ‘spark’ which set off World War One?
- The assassination of Franz Ferdinand.
- Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.
- Germany supported Austria-Hungary.
- Russia supported Serbia.
- France supported Russia.
- Belgium was invaded by Germany, leading to Britain’s support.
- Italy agreed to join the Allies’ side.
What was the Schlieffen plan?
- The Schlieffen plan was a plan composed by the Germans in order to quickly capture France then Russia.
- Germans were meant to encircle and defea the French army swiftly, with Russia not being quick enough to help defend France.
- The plan ultimately failed, with the Germans failing a quick victory and causing an extended conflict on the Western Front.
Which weapons were used in World War One?
- Machine guns.
- Tanks.
- Artillery.
- Grenades.
- Poison gas.
- Aircraft.
- Flamethrowers.
- Rifles.
- Trench weapons and shotguns.
What did the trench warfare in World War One result in?
- A stalemate.
- Both sides were hiding from one another, waiting for the other to make the first move. This led to no progress being made.
- Anyone who decided to leave the trench and enter No Man’s Land was quickly shot.
Who fought in Vimy Ridge? Where was this?
- A battle taking place in France.
- All four divisions of the Canadian Corps in the First Army went against three divisions of the German 6th Army.
How many casualties and fatalities were in The Battle of Vimy Ridge?
- 10,600 Canadian casualties.
- 3,600 of them confirmed fatal.
- Bloodiest battle in Canadian history.
Who fought in The Battle of Ypres? Where was this?
- A battle taking place in Belgium, near the city of Ypres.
- Germans against the Belgians, French, British Expeditionary Force, and the Canadian Expeditionary Force.
How many casualties and fatalities were in The Battle of Ypres?
- 250,000 allied casualties.
- 200,000 German casualties.
- Over 76,000 fatalities.
Who fought in the Battle of the Somme? Where was this?
- A battle taking place in the upper reaches of the river Somme in France.
- The British Empire and the French Third Republic went against the German Empire.
What’s the UN?
A group formed near the end of WWII as a body of nations to prevent future global wars.
What was the condition of Europe after WWII?
- Laid in ruins.
- Soviet controlled East Europe.
- Germany divided into East (Communist) and West (Democratic).
What’s a hot war?
- Death.
- Violence.
- Killing.
- Bombs.
- Guns.
- Weapons.
- Destruction.
- Winner/Losers.
What’s a cold war?
- War of ideas.
- Thoughts: THREAT of violence exists; Building up of arms.
What was the main tension after World War Two?
- America vs the Soviet Union.
What were the two ‘camps’ after World War Two?
- The US (capitalist economic system and democracy).
- The Soviet Union (represented the forces of communism and authoritarianism).
Who led the two camps after World War Two?
- US - President Harry Truman.
- Soviet Union - Joseph Stalin.
What’s the ‘Iron Curtain’?
- A term popularized by Winston Churchill which describes the boundary between communist states of Eastern Europe and democratic states of Western Europe.
- This was a symbolic and literal boundary which separated Soviet countries from “non-Communist” countries of Europe, blocking free movement of information, products, and people between the two sides.
What does NATO stand for, what is it?
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
- A defensive alliance between U.S. and Western Europe (1st time U.S. entered into peacetime military alliance).
