History Exam Flashcards
(166 cards)
1
Q
Bering Strait
A
Land Bridge that was believed to be the way the first Native Americans traveled to the Americas from Asia
2
Q
Mayas - Study of Astromony
A
Used to make the 1st 365 calender
3
Q
How did the Mayas use temples
A
They were used as government buildings
4
Q
Theocracy
A
Society ruled by religious leaders.
5
Q
How did the city of Tenochtitlan get founded?
A
While looking for a place to set up a temple a eagle with a snake in its mouth landed on a cactus, believed to be a sign from the gods
6
Q
Tenochititan
A
Largest city of the time
7
Q
Incas
A
Largest tribe, emperor believed to be a descendant of the sun god, Machu Picchu
8
Q
Hohokam
A
Created the irrigation system
9
Q
Inuit
A
Lived in the north, built igloos, used seal skin for coats
10
Q
Iroquois League
A
Onondaga, Seneca, Mohawk, Onedia, Cayuga, women had a strong role in government
11
Q
Where did women have a strong role in government
A
The Iroquois League
12
Q
Clan
A
group of people with a common ancestor
13
Q
Carbon Dating
A
Scientific method used to determine age of an artifact
14
Q
Nomad
A
Person who moves two larger bodies of water
15
Q
Artifact
A
Tool, weapon, or another object left behind by early people, archaeology
16
Q
Migration
A
The movement of large number of people to a new area
17
Q
Navigational Tools
A
Accurate maps, astrolabe, compass
18
Q
Why did Portugal want to explore the world?
A
They wanted to engage in foreign trade
19
Q
Where did people get African Slaves?
A
The African West Coast or the Gold Coast
20
Q
Religion in Europe
A
Main religion was Catholicism
21
Q
Leonardo da Vinci
A
Painter during the Renaissance, Mona Lisa.
22
Q
What were the names of Christopher Columbus’s ships?
A
The Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria
23
Q
Amerigo Vespucci
A
Sailor for Spain, realized that South America was seperate from Asia. America is named after him
24
Q
Ferdinand Magellan
A
Died during voyage, crew was the first people to circumnavigate
25
Hernan Cortez
Conquered the Aztec empire, explored east coast of Mexico
26
Aztecs
Rich with gold, military empire, performed human sacrifice
27
Francisco Pizzaro
Conquered the Inca empire
28
Native Americans
People of the West
29
Why didn't the Native Americans like Europe?
Their ways of living were runied by Europeans
30
Who conquered the Native Americans?
The Europeans.
31
Reformation
A religious movement
32
Who started the Reformation?
Martin Luther
33
Who did Giovanni da Verrazano start sailing for?
He sailed for France
34
What was Giovanni da Verrazano trying to find?
Northern routes
35
Who did Henry Hudson sail for?
He sailed for the Dutch.
36
Henry Hudson
Had mutiny and got kicked out was never seen again,
36
What was named after Henry Hudson?
Hudson Bay
37
What was named after Amerigo Vespucci?
The Americas was named after him.
38
What did Jamestown grow?
Tobacco
39
Charters
Document that grants the right to form a colony, given by a king
40
Puritans
Low religious tolerance
41
What did the Puritans want to reform?
The church
42
Who made the Mayflower Compact
The Pilgrims
43
What key step did the Mayflower Compact make?
They made a key step in representative democratic government in the Americas.
44
Pilgrims
People who didn't want religious persecution
45
Squanto and Samoset
Native Americans who helped the Pilgrims survive
46
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
First ever written Constitution in America
47
Rhode Island
First Colony to practice for life religious tolerance
48
Maryland
Colony founded for persecuted Catholics
49
New Amsterdam
Governor gave it to England without a fight,
50
Where is New Amsterdam now?
New York City
51
What was the nickname "City of Brotherly Love" given to?
Philadelphia,
52
who founded Philadelphia
Quaker William Penn
53
Charter of Privelages
Gave colonists the right to elect representatives to legislature
54
Delaware
Seperate colony from Pennsylvania
55
Who established Delaware?
The swedish
56
Who gave approval to seperated Pennsylvania?
William Penn
57
Pennsylvania Quakers were pacifists: True or False?
True
58
What did the Quakers believe?
They believed that everyone was equal
59
Who started the Quakers?
William Penn
60
Pacifist
Someone who doesn't like to fight, peaceful
61
Federalist
Wanted a strong government
62
Anti-Federalists
Wanted a strong local government
63
Eliza Lucas
Developed indigo in1740
64
Georgia
Conlony established for debtors to make a fresh start.
65
Alliance
Partnership
66
Iroquois Confederacy
Group of Native Americans under a general government.
67
What side was the Iroquois Confederacy on in the French/Indian War?
They remained neutral
68
Who created the Albany Plan
Benjamin Franklin
69
Convert
To change
70
Enlightenment
Intellectual and philosophical movement in 17-18th century Europe
71
Navigation Act
Forced colonists to sell all raw materials to England, traded goods to be carried on English ships,
72
How was the Navigation Act received?
was first enjoyed but soon was hated
73
Proprietary Colony
Colony that was owned by someone or multiple people
74
Who could vote?
White men who owned property
75
Proclamation of 1763
Kept colonists from moving west f the Applachian Mountains
76
Who could vote
White men who owned property
77
Proclamation of 1763
Kept colonists from moving west of the Applachian Mountains
78
Ohio Valley
Tried to drive out the French and set up Fort Necessity.
79
How did the Fort Necesssity base turn out?
George Washington ended up surrendering
80
What were the Major Powers in North America in the 1700s?
Britain and France
81
What was the relationship between the Native Americans and the French?
They regularly traded with each other
82
What makes the Native Americans like the French?
They didn't take any land
83
What was the most major alliance during the French/Indian War?
The French and the Native Americans.
84
William Pitt
Prime Minister in British government, big military planner.
85
How did William Pitt help the French?
He helped win the French/Indian War
86
What were the disadvantages that William Pitt give England?
He put England in a lot of debt
87
Treaty of Paris
End of France's power in the Americas
88
Immigration
The permanent movement of people into one country from other nations
89
The Great Awakening
Big religious revival in Europe
90
What did Thomas Paine make?
He created a pamphlet called Common Sense
91
John Hancock
First to sign the Declaration of Independence
92
Who was the president of the Continental Congress?
John Hancock
93
Who started the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams
94
How did they protest against taxes?
They burned effigies
95
Who started the Boston Tea Party
The Sons of Liberty
96
How did the Colonists react to their taxes
They hated them
97
What did the Colonists do to react to the new taxes
They boycotted and started the Boston Tea Party
98
What did the Parliament do to react to the Colonist's reaction to the new laws?
They made the Coercive Acts which were called Intolerable Acts by colonists
99
Continental Congress
Challenged British control
100
Leaders of the Continental Congress
Samuel Adams, John Adams, John Jay, George Washington, Richard Henry Lee, and Patrick Henry
101
Who was Continental Army's general?
George Washington
102
Continental Army
Fought against the British
103
What were the strengths of the Continental Army?
Fighting on their own land and fighting spirt, hit and run tactics and foreign aid.
104
What were the weaknesses of the Continental Army?
Untrained soldiers and limited artillery
105
Boston
Largest resistence to British rule
106
What kind of colony is Biston?
It's a New England Colony
107
John Locke
English philosopher in the Enlightenment.
108
What was shaped by John Locke's writing?
The Declaration of Independence
109
Which founding father was inspired by John Locke
Thomas Jefferson
110
what rights did John Locke believe that humans had the right to have?
He believed that people are born with certain natural rights to life, liberty, and property,
111
What should the government to do these rights according to John Locke?
He believed that governments should protect those rights,
112
What should the citizens do if the government interferes with these rights according to John Locke?
a government interfering with those rights could rightfully be overthrown
113
Olive Branch Petition
Explained to the king that the colonists wanted peace and protection of rights.
114
Did the Olive Branch Petition work?
No.
115
Benedict Arnold
Led an attack on Quebec, traitor
116
Did Benedict Arnold's attack on Quebec work?
No.
117
Thomas Gage
Ordered to seize weapons from Concord to stop colonists
118
What group was William Dawes and Paul Revere in?
Sons of Liberty
119
Who warned that the British are coming?
William Dawes and Paul Revere
120
What was the commander on Valley Forge?
George Washington
121
What was the goal for Valley Forge
They were aiming for enemies in Trenton.
122
What were the conditions in Valley Forge?
Cold, lack of clothing, food and medicine
123
What was the other name for the Loyalists?
Also known as Tories
124
Where were the Loyalists strongest in America?
The Carolinas and Georgia
125
What were the reactions to the Loyalists to the other colonies?
They were shunned (ignored)
126
What colonies did the African Americans fight for?
They fought for every single colony except South Carolina
127
What is the first state to have an African American regiment?
Rhode Island
128
Marquis de Lafayette
Helped train troops for Washington, became assistant aid for George Washington.
129
Where did Lafayette come from?
came from France
130
Who did Lafayette become an aid for?
George Washington
131
Frederick von Steuben
assisted the Continental Army
132
Where did George Washington go for retirement?
Mount Vernon, Virginia
133
Blockade
Measure that keeps ships from entering/leaving a harbor
134
Molly Pitcher
Gave water to soldiers,
135
What did Molly Pitcher do when her husband died?
used gun when husband was down
136
Deborah Sampson
Disguised as a man to help in the war.
137
Mary Ludwig
Took husband's place in war after death
138
Lydia Darragh
Warned Thomas Craig of attack against Washington's army
139
Who said that we'll have a long bloody war to go through
John Adams
140
What were the struggles of the Congress
They struggled with finances, they couldn't tax, had inflation, and they stopped distributing paper money.
141
Did anyone believe that we would have a long war?
no.
142
Who did the French have an alliance with in 1778?
The United States
143
Treaty of Paris
Created Alliance with the US
144
What did Britain acknoledged the US for?
It acknoledged Britain as an independent country
145
Northwest Ordinance
Helped stop slavery in the West, made Northwest Territory
146
Northwest Territory
Land north of Ohio, east of the Mississipi River
147
Who attended the Constitutional Convention
55 delegates, Alexander Hamilton and Benjamin Franklin
148
Who was the presiding officer of the Constitutional Convention?
George Washington
149
What is the purpose of the Constitutional Convention
They wanted to change/fix the constitution
150
Constitution
has the final authority
151
Why did people oppose the Constitution?
They feared losing the liberty they fought for in the American Revolution
152
Ratification of the Constitution
9/13 states had to ratify the constitution, last was Rhode Island
153
Executive branch
President and Vice president, last was Rhode Island
154
Legislative Branch
Settles Lawmaking branch has House of Representatives and Senate
155
Judicial Branch
Settles disputes on the law, one Supreme Court
156
Shay's Rebellion
Farmers raided storehouses to stop government from stealing land
157
Who organized Shay's rebellion
Daniel Shay
158
Virginia Plan
Two house legislature, cheif executive, court system
159
Who developed the Virginia Plan
John Madison
160
The Great Compromise
gave the idea of a two house legislature (population and equality
161
Who proposed the Great Compromise
Roger Sherman
162
State Constitutions
Listed key rights and freedoms known as Bill of Rights
163
Republic Government
People elect representatives
164
Bicameral House System
Two house system
165
