history exam

Question 0

republic

Answer 0

government where ruler is not king or queen but elected by the people

Question 1

Pax Romana

Answer 1

era of peace and safety in the Roman Empire; roads built (50,000 miles worth)

Question 2

Virgil

Answer 2

great Roman writer who wrote the “Aeneid”

Question 3

patricians

Answer 3

wealthy landowners who made up Rome’s upper class

Question 4

plebeians

Answer 4

Rome’s middle class; merchants

Question 5

consuls

Answer 5

top government officials

Question 6

Senate

Answer 6

most important law making body; group of 300 men who served for life

Question 7

“Rule of Law”

Answer 7

laws should be applied to everyone equally and everyone should be treated equally

Question 8

Punic Wars

Answer 8

Carthage wanted Sicily but Rome eventually after a lot of fighting overpowered them

Question 9

Cicero

Answer 9

Rome’s greatest public speaker

Question 10

Caligula

Answer 10

crazy emperor who appointed his horse as consul

Question 11

Nero

Answer 11

“fiddled while Rome burned”

Question 12

Colosseum

Answer 12

Rome’s most famous building; amphitheater

Question 13

Cincinnatus

Answer 13

farmer who was found in a field and offered emperor; fights and was victorious; stepped down after a couple of days

Question 14

Octavian

Answer 14

later known as Augustus; one of Rome’s greatest emperor

Question 15

Latifundia

Answer 15

large farming estates

Question 16

aqueducts

Answer 16

human-made channels for carrying water

Question 17

dictator

Answer 17

someone with complete control who only rules in crisis

Question 18

Hannibal

Answer 18

general in Carthage’s army who started 2nd Punic War

Question 19

legend of how Rome was found?

Answer 19

there were two brothers names Romulus and Remus. they were found by a wolf and raised by a sheep herder. they started to build a city and Romulus built a wall. Remus made fun of his wall so Romulus killed him, finished the wall and the city, then names it after himself.

Question 20

forum

Answer 20

marketplace; public square

Question 21

Pantheon

Answer 21

temple built to worship the Roman gods and goddesses

Question 22

paterfamilias

Answer 22

father of the family and head of the household

Question 23

Spartacus

Answer 23

gladiator who led revolt with slaves and was victorious at first but eventually failed

Question 24

inflation

Answer 24

money loses value

Question 25

Constantine

Answer 25

made capital Constantinople and made Christianity legal

Question 26

FALL OF ROME

Answer 26

476 AD

Question 27

Justinian

Answer 27

Byzantine emperor who gave women rights; appointed Belisarius as general to make Rome more naturally beautiful

Question 28

Theodora

Answer 28

Justinian's wife who influenced his ruling a lot

Question 29

Belisarius

Answer 29

Justinian's appointed general to make Rome naturally beautiful again

Question 30

mosaics

Answer 30

artwork made of tile, stone, or glass

Question 31

martyr

Answer 31

willing to die than give up beliefs

Question 32

excommunication

Answer 32

kicked out of church forever

Question 33

schism

Answer 33

separation

Question 34

persecute

Answer 34

to mistreat someone for any difference

Question 35

icons

Answer 35

Christian religious image or picture

Question 36

catacombs

Answer 36

early Christian underground burial sites

Question 37

Edict of Milan

Answer 37

law passed that gave religious freedom to all people

Question 38

what did icons do?

Answer 38

created the dispute between Byzantine and Greek Orthodox churches

Question 39

pope

Answer 39

bishop who becomes more powerful until complete leader of RCC

Question 40

Augustine

Answer 40

influential writings; one if the most important church fathers in the West

Question 41

Basil

Answer 41

bishop who made a list of rules for monks and nuns to follow; list became known as Basilian Rule and was the model of Greek Orthodox religious life

Question 42

Benedict

Answer 42

wrote different set of rules called Benedictine Rule.

Question 43

Patrick

Answer 43

brought Christianity to Ireland

Question 44

Schism between RCC and Greek Orthodox Churches

Answer 44

how church was to be run Pope claimed head of all Christian churches but Byzantines believed patriarch of Constantinople and other bishops were equal pope and patriarch will excommunicate each other and begin another schism