history exam revision

Question 1

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Cold War

Answer 1

The Cold War was during 1945 to 1991, an ongoing political rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union and their respective allies that developed after World War II.Soldiers of the Soviet Union and the United States did not do battle directly during the Cold War.

Question 2

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Iron Curtain

Answer 2

The iron curtain, the political, military, and ideological barrier erected by the Soviet Union after World War II to seal off itself and its dependent eastern and central European allies from open contact with the West and other noncommunist areas in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.

Question 3

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Domino Theory

Answer 3

The domino theory was a Cold War policy that suggested a communist government in one nation would quickly lead to communist takeovers in neighboring states, each falling like a row of dominos. In Southeast Asia, the U.S. government used the now-discredited domino theory to justify its involvement in the Vietnam War and its support for a non-communist dictator in South Vietnam.

Question 4

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Containment

Answer 4

the policy, process, or result of preventing the expansion of a hostile power or ideology.

Question 5

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Decolonisation

Answer 5

process by which colonies become independent of the colonizing country.

Question 6

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of nationalism

Answer 6

Nationalism is an ideology that emphasizes loyalty, devotion, or allegiance to a nation or nation-state and holds that such obligations outweigh other individual or group interests.

Question 7

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Self-determination

Answer 7

a nation a group of people with similar political ambitions can seek to create its own independent government or state.

Question 8

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Democracy

Answer 8

the belief in freedom and equality between people, or a system of government based on this belief, in which power is either held by elected representatives or directly by the people themselves

Question 9

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Communism

Answer 9

Communism is an ideology or system based on the idea that the property of a community should be owned collectively and shared among everyone.

Question 10

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)

Answer 10

principle of deterrence founded on the notion that a nuclear attack by one superpower would be met with an overwhelming nuclear counterattack such that both the attacker and the defender would be annihilated.

Question 11

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Proxy Wars

Answer 11

a war fought between groups of smaller countries that each represent the interests of other larger powers, and may have help and support from these

Question 12

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Forward Defence

Answer 12

Forward defence was a product of the cold war security environment, in which Australian forces were based within Asia so that they could be easily deployed to conflicts in Indochina.

Question 13

What is NATO

Answer 13

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Question 14

What is SEATO and how was it involed in the Vietnam war?

Answer 14

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization. SEATO’s creation was partially influenced by the First Indochina War (1946-1954), which pitted communist forces led by Ho Chi Minh against French colonial rule in Vietnam. The U.S. and other Western nations were concerned about the spread of communism in Southeast Asia, and they saw SEATO as a means to contain it.

Question 15

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Warsaw Pact

Answer 15

a political and military alliance established on May 14, 1955 between the Soviet Union and several Eastern European countries.

Question 16

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of
the First Indochinese War

Answer 16

This war of independence lasted from December 1946 until July 1954, with most of the fighting taking place in areas surrounding Hanoi. It ended with the French defeat at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu and French withdrawal from Vietnam after the Geneva Accords.

Question 17

Four main causes of the vietnam war

Answer 17

The four main causes of the Vietnam War were: 1) The power struggle between France and Ho Chi Minh, 2) The Domino Theory, 3) Cold War politics, and 4) The Gulf of Tonkin Incident 1964.

Question 18

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Vietnam War

Answer 18

1 Nov 1955 – 30 Apr 1975 - The Vietnam War was a long, costly, and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The conflict was intensified by the ongoing Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Question 19

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Conscription

Answer 19

draft, compulsory enrollment for service in a country’s armed forces. Especially prominent during the draft of young American males to Vietnam

Question 20

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of the Geneva Accords 1954

Answer 20

On July 21, 1954, this final agreement of the Geneva Accords establishes a ceasefire in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam, officially ending the First Indochina War.

Question 21

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Viet-Cong

Answer 21

The Viet Cong were South Vietnamese supporters of the communist National Liberation Front in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War (known in Vietnam as the American War). They were allied with North Vietnam and the troops of Ho Chi Minh, who sought to conquer the south and create a unified, communist state of Vietnam.

Question 22

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of North Vietnamese Army

Answer 22

The North Vietnamese Army was the official armed forces of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).

Question 23

What is the Army of the Republic of Vietnam

Answer 23

the main fighting force of the Republic of Vietnam, or South Vietnam, during the war.

Question 24

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Viet-Minh

Answer 24

In 1941, Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader Ho Chi Minh founded the Viet Minh, or Vietnamese Independence League, in opposition to French and Japanese occupation.

Question 25

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Gulf of Tonkin

Answer 25

In early August 1964, two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. In response to these reported incidents, President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina.

Question 26

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Battle of Dien Bien Phu

Answer 26

On May 7, 1954, the French-held garrison at Dien Bien Phu in Vietnam fell after a four month siege led by Vietnamese nationalist Ho Chi Minh. After the fall of Dien Bien Phu, the French pulled out of the region.

Question 27

Give definitions of the human Rights

Answer 27

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more.

Question 28

Give definitions of Civil rights

Answer 28

The civil rights movement was a nonviolent social movement and campaign from 1954 to 1968 in the United States to abolish legalized racial segregation, discrimination, and disenfranchisement in the country.

Question 29

Give definitions of Jim Crow Laws

Answer 29

Jim Crow laws were a collection of state and local statutes that legalized racial segregation. Named after a Black minstrel show character, the laws—which existed for about 100 years, from the post-Civil War era until 1968—were meant to marginalize African Americans by denying them the right to vote, hold jobs, get an education or other opportunities. Those who attempted to defy Jim Crow laws often faced arrest, fines, jail sentences, violence and death.

Question 30

Give definitions of Separate but Equal

Answer 30

The doctrine that racial segregation is constitutional as long as the facilities provided for blacks and whites are roughly equal.

Question 31

Give definitions of Segregation

Answer 31

Racial segregation, the practice of restricting people to certain circumscribed areas of residence or to separate institutions (e.g., schools, churches) and facilities (parks, playgrounds, restaurants, restrooms) on the basis of race or alleged race.

Question 32

Who is the NAACP?

Answer 32

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was established in 1909

Question 33

Who is the SCLC?

Answer 33

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is a civil rights organization founded in 1957

Question 34

Who is the KKK?

Answer 34

The Ku Klux Klan, commonly shortened to the KKK or the Klan is the name of several historical and current American white supremacist, far-right terrorist organizations and hate groups.

Question 35

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Freedom Rides

Answer 35

Freedom Rides, in U.S. history, a series of political protests against segregation by Blacks and whites who rode buses together through the American South in 1961.

Question 36

Give definitions and explanations of Non-violent direct action

Answer 36

methods of protest, resistance, and intervention without physical violence in which the members of the nonviolent group do, or refuse to do, certain things.

Question 37

Who was Martin Luther King?

Answer 37

Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent American civil rights leader, minister, and activist who played a crucial role in the American civil rights movement during the mid-20th century. He is best known for his advocacy of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience as a means to achieve racial equality and justice for African Americans.

Question 38

Who was Malcolm x?

Answer 38

As the nation’s most visible proponent of Black Nationalism, Malcolm X’s challenge to the multiracial, nonviolent approach of Martin Luther King, Jr., helped set the tone for the ideological and tactical conflicts that took place within the black freedom struggle of the 1960s. Given Malcolm X’s abrasive criticism of King and his advocacy of racial separatism, it is not surprising that King rejected the occasional overtures from one of his fiercest critics.

Question 39

Who was Lyndon B. Johnson?

Answer 39

President Lyndon B Johnson introduced the idea of a Voting Rights Act to Congress. Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, enabling President Lyndon Johnson to legally authorise open warfare against North Vietnam – communist aggression had to be stopped. By 1968, the United States had 550 000 troops fighting in the Vietnam War.

Question 40

Who was John F. Kennendy?

Answer 40

John F. Kennedy was involved in the early stages of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, but he did not live to see the full escalation of the conflict. During Kennedy’s presidency, the number of military advisors in Vietnam increased. He saw the situation in Vietnam as a Cold War battleground and was concerned about the spread of communism in Southeast Asia. He authorized additional resources and support for the South Vietnamese government.

Question 41

Who was Nikita Khrushchev?

Answer 41

The Soviet Union, under Khrushchev’s leadership, provided substantial military and economic aid to North Vietnam. This assistance included weapons, military equipment, and economic support to help North Vietnam in its struggle against South Vietnam and the United States.

Question 42

Who was Ho Chi Minh?

Answer 42

Ho Chi Minh was the founding father and the first President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). He led the communist government in the northern part of Vietnam, which sought to reunify the country under communist rule.

Question 43

Who was Ngo Dinh Diem?

Answer 43

Ngo Dinh Diem was appointed as the leader of South Vietnam by the United States and the international community after the division of Vietnam following the Geneva Accords in 1954. He became the President of the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) and was initially seen as a symbol of anti-communism in the region.

Question 44

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Civil Rights Act 1964

Answer 44

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that aimed to end segregation and discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It was a major milestone in the civil rights movement and played a crucial role in dismantling legal racial segregation and promoting equality in various aspects of American society.

Question 45

Give definitions, dates, or explanations of Voting Rights Act 1965

Answer 45

The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of U.S. federal legislation that aimed to eliminate racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on August 6, 1965, and it played a crucial role in combating voter suppression and expanding voting rights for African Americans and other minority groups. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is considered one of the most important pieces of civil rights legislation in U.S. history.