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history mid term > history mid term > Flashcards

history mid term Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Neolithic Revolution cause?

A

Social changes like villages, occupation, and roles of men and women

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2
Q

Who did Octavian defeat in 31 BC?

A

Antony and Cleopatra

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3
Q

What type of women were supported by Convents in the Middle Ages?

A

Intellectuals

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4
Q

Who fought in the Punic Wars?

A

Rome and Carthage

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5
Q

What did Confucius say was most important foundation?

A

the duty to have children to revere their parents

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6
Q

What did Plato say was the way to a good life

A

Lives in a just and rational state

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7
Q

what were the hittites the first to do

A

use iron weapons

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8
Q

what did the ancient greeks consider religion as

A

necessity to the well-being of the statw

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9
Q

what is hajj in islam

A

a pilgrimage to makkah

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10
Q

what did the sacking of Constantinople by crusaders do

A

helped weaken the byzantine empire

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11
Q

what were the political and military reforms of diocletian and constantine

A

Enhanced the army and civil service institutions, but drained most of the public funds

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12
Q

how did geography affect trade in the greek colonies

A

most greek colonies could be easily reached by water

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13
Q

Why did Constantine pick the Greek city of Byzantine as the “New Rome”?

A

A strategic location for protecting the eastern frontier of the Roman empire

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14
Q

what did egypt experience during the middle kingdom

A

a golden age

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15
Q

What was Augustus’s reform on Governors?

A

governors were to be chosen by emperors

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16
Q

what were the excepted of nights under the Code of Chivalry

A

to treat prisoners with respect and dignity

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17
Q

who served both lords and kings

A

vassals

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18
Q

What was the name of Rome’s first code of laws?

A

12 tables

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19
Q

What is the word used to describe everyday language or speech?

A

vernacular

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20
Q

How did Charlemagne Roman, Christian, and German elements in his kingdom?

A

He, a German king, was crowned emperor of the Romans by the pope

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21
Q

What is an artistic triumph of the Middle Ages?

A

The Gothic architectural style

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22
Q

What word is used to describe the split between the church of the east and west?

A

schism

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23
Q

What is the main goal of scholasticism?

A

To reconcile Christian teachings and the works of ancient philosophers

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24
Q

What did Rome fight Carthage for?

A

The Mediterranean

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25
Q

What was the peak of the Roman Empire called?

A

The Pax Romana

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26
Q

What social class was Julius Caesar a member?

A

First Triumvirate

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27
Q

What enabled people to move back to the cities in the Middle Ages?

A

Less dependence on agriculture

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28
Q

What is the holy book of Islam?

A

quran

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29
Q

What dynasty ruled the Byzantine Empire in the 10th and 11th centuries?

A

Macedonian

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30
Q

What was a consequence of the plague?

A

Higher wages for laborers

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31
Q

What was the most difficult shrine for Christians to make a pilgrimage to?

A

Jerusalem

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32
Q

What Roman official ordered the execution of Jesus?

A

Pontius Pilot

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33
Q

What led to a money based economy and the rise of cities in the Middle Ages?

A

The revival of trade

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34
Q

What is an oligarchy?

A

Ruled by a small number of people

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35
Q

How did the Tiber River give Rome an advantage?

A

access to the sea

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36
Q

What group of Jews called for an overthrow of Roman rule?

A

zealots

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37
Q

What cultural change led to more people enjoying literature in the Middle Ages?

A

any landowner

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38
Q

Which emperor made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire?

A

constantine

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39
Q

What did the use of metals do at the end of the Neolithic Age?

A

New level of human control over the environment and its resources

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40
Q

Who could take the civil service exam in ancient China?

A

any man

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41
Q

What does the use of fire by early humans remind us of?

A

They sometimes adapted by changing the environment, not themselves

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42
Q

What idea did the Mandate of Heaven include?

A

The king must rule wisely or be overthrown

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43
Q

How did Marius change Rome’s military recruitment system?

A

Recruiting the landless poor

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44
Q

How were the Vikings made part of European civilization?

A

The Frankish policy of settling them and converting them to Christianity

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45
Q

What were two major groups that settled within Greece?

A

Aeolians and Dorians

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46
Q

What was a result of the growth of trade in the Middle Ages?

A

People acquiring rights and freedoms from local lords

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47
Q

What was at the heart of feudalism?

A

Vassalage, which meant warriors swore loyalty to a lord, who in turn took care of their needs

48
Q

What was the representative government that emerged in England in the 13th century?

A

parliament

49
Q

What was the ritual called that required an Indian wife to throw herself on her husband’s funeral fire?

A

suttee

50
Q

What did every male citizen do under Pericles in Athens?

A

was in the military

51
Q

How did people of the Middle Ages try to explain the Black Death?

A

They thought it might be a sign of the wrath of God, or the Jews had hatched a plot to poison the Christians

52
Q

What led men to play a more dominant role in Neolithic society?

A

Obtaining food and protecting the settlement

53
Q

What group did Romans borrow their style of dress?

A

Etruscans

54
Q

Who is the person that calls Muslims to prayer?

A

Muezzin

55
Q

Who was Rome’s first emperor?

A

Gauls

56
Q

Who were the Israelites?

A

A distinct group, organized in tribes, who established a united kingdom

57
Q

What type of religion did the Mesopotamians have?

A

Polytheistic

58
Q

Who created the first Mesopotamian civilization?

A

Sumerians

59
Q

What event led to the schism?

A

The pope and patriarch excommunicated each other

60
Q

Why did the legalist advocate harsh law and punishment?

A

They believed people were not capable of being good

61
Q

How did Shihuangdi unify the Chinese?

A

Creating a single monetary system and ordering the building of roads

62
Q

How did Romans construct massive buildings?

A

concrete

63
Q

What are the 3 periods of Egyptian civilization?

A

Old, Middle, and New Kingdom

64
Q

How did Augustus reform Roman government?

A

Giving emperors the right to name governors

65
Q

How was Judaism different from other religions?

A

Was monotheistic, believing in one God

66
Q

Why is the Phoenician alphabet important?

A

It became the basis for the Greek, and later Roman alphabet

67
Q

What is another name for the Neolithic Age?

A

Called the New Stone Age

68
Q

what did the manorial system include

A

serfs and noble

69
Q

What Egyptian city founded by Alexander had the largest library?

A

Persepolis

70
Q

Where did the Aryan people settle?

A

In areas where Dravidians lived, so that the two groups interacted

71
Q

What was the staple for the medieval diet?

A

bread

72
Q

What did Mesopotamia and Egypt both have in common?

A

Written language

73
Q

What do most historians think the Minoan civilization was?

A

Invaded and destroyed Mycenaean’s

74
Q

What revolutionized farming in the Middle Ages?

A

Manorial system

75
Q

What was the code of ethics for knights?

A

Chivalry

76
Q

What city di both Muslims and Christians want to control?

A

Jerusalem

77
Q

How did craft guilds improve economic conditions in cities?

A

Set quality standards for goods produced

78
Q

What do Muslims believe Muhammad is?

A

The prophet of Allah

79
Q

Who did Muhammad receive his messages from?

A

Gabriel

80
Q

What was the Silk Road?

A

Trade route from China to the west

81
Q

What did the Popes behavior during the schism cause some people to do?

A

Criticize the popes for their corruption and power

82
Q

What was the Roman senate made of?

A

patricians

83
Q

What were local communities called that led by priests?

A

parishes

84
Q

What did Herodotus write?

A

Real history in Western Civilization

85
Q

What was a new agricultural practice in medieval times?

A

Three field crop rotation

86
Q

What did a Spartan mother tell her son?

A

Either carrying his shield or being carried on it

87
Q

What did the Pax Romana usher in?

A

Large scale building programs

88
Q

What did the Romans borrow from the Etruscans?

A

The toga and short cloak

89
Q

What did the Minoans establish?

A

A far ranging sea empire based on trade

90
Q

What was a result of the crusades?

A

The breakdown of feudalism

91
Q

What did the reforms of Diocletian and Constantine do in the long run?

A

Were initially successful, but did not work in the long run

92
Q

What best describes Roe’s state religion?

A

Roman worshiped gods and goddesses

93
Q

What were two problems after the death of Charlemagne?

A

Invasions from northern people and internal divisions

94
Q

What did the conquest of Alexander the Great do?

A

Hellenistic era, were the Greek language and culture spread

95
Q

What did the Edict of Milan do?

A

Official tolerance of Christianity

96
Q

What are the basic characteristics of civilization?

A

Cities, government, religion, social structure, writing, and art

97
Q

What tools did the Paleolithic age use?

A

stone

98
Q

Why was feudalism developed?

A

Centralized power was lost in the face of invasion

99
Q

What does a caliph attempt to unite in Islam?

A

Spiritual and political power

100
Q

What were the official languages in the Eastern and Western Roman Emire?

A

Greek/Christianity

101
Q

What did the rich soil of the Fertile Crescent result in?

A

Silt from rivers

102
Q

Who was Paul?

A

Roman citizen who founded Christian communities in Asia Minor

103
Q

Why did Roman’s persecute Christians during the reign of Nero?

A

Christians refused to worship the state gods and emperors

104
Q

What was the lord-vassal relationship?

A

Required military service

105
Q

What is an empire?

A

An empire

106
Q

In Confucianism everyone fulfilling their duties will result in what?

A

Will prosper as well

107
Q

What the cause of the Peloponnesian War?

A

Ongoing disputes between Athenians and Spartans

108
Q

How was the Bubonic plague spread?

A

Rats infested with fleas

109
Q

What is a missionary?

A

People sent out to carry a religious message

110
Q

At what rate did Homo sapiens spread across the world?

A

2-3 miles per generation

111
Q

What was a result of the collapse of the Carolingian empire?

A

A new social political system known as feudalism developed

112
Q

What building development allowed large stain glass windows to be installed in churches?

A

Ribbed vaults and flying buttresses

113
Q

What was the contract with God and the Jews?

A

Covenant

114
Q

What created the Islamic religion?

A

The revelations received by Muhammad

115
Q

What did Pope Urban II promise in the first crusades?

A

The sins of anyone killed on the Crusade would instantly be forgiven

history mid term (1 decks)

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