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America > History - North America > Flashcards

History - North America Flashcards

1
Q

Where does USA fall in world rankings of wine production

A

4th

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2
Q

How much of the US wine production does California account for? Followed by?

A

90% - CA
then NY&raquo_space; WA&raquo_space; OR

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3
Q

Who is the largest consumer of wine globally?

A

USA! but only bc of large population. Per capita is low

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4
Q

Three species of wild grapevine found in North America

A

-Vitis labrusca - Concord grape
-Vitis rotundifolia - Scuppernong grape
-Vitis aestivalis - Norton grape

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5
Q

What 1619 Virginia Law was relevant to the development of viticulture in America?

A

-every male colonist at Jamestown was required to plant and tend at least 10 vines
-earliest record of vinifera vine plantings on East Coast

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6
Q

What early president was particularly invested in wine and tried to plant at his Virginia estate (to no success)

A

-Thomas Jefferson (3rd prez)
-tried for over 30 yrs

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7
Q

Who said “Wine is proof that God loves us”?

A

Benjamin Franklin

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8
Q

What was the first successful vinifera grape? Where?

A

-Mission
-introduced in Mexico in the 1500s, made its way to Rio Grande (present day Texas) and New Mexico by 1629

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9
Q

Trajectory of Mission in 16th-19th C

A

introduced in Mexico in the 1500s
-made its way to Rio Grande (present day Texas) and New Mexico by 1629
-Franciscan monks brought to what would be California, founded historic missions along West Coast
-1783 - CA’s first wine with mission made at San Juan Capistrano Mission

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10
Q

Who was the first American Settler to set foot in Napa Valley? When?

A

-George Yount
-1839
-Planted 1st vineyard

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11
Q

Who is the “father of California wine”?

A

-Agoston Haraszthy
-Arrived in Sonoma in 1849
-Hungarian born, self styled “Count”
-introduced over 300 varieties to state
-credited with zinfandel but disproved

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12
Q

What estate did Agoston Haraszthy found? When?

A

Buena Vista (in Sonoma)
1857
-One of California’s oldest commercial wineries

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13
Q

What is the oldest winery in Napa Valley?

A

Charles Krug
Founded by Charles Krug in 1861

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14
Q

Where did Charles Krug work before founding his eponymous winery

A

for Agonston Haraszthy at Buena Vista

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15
Q

When was Schramsberg founded? By whom?

A

1862
Jacob Schram

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16
Q

What is Napa’s oldest continuously operating winery? when?

A

Beringer
1876

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17
Q

When was Inglenook Winery founded? By whom?

A

1880
Gustav Niebaum

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18
Q

What was starkly different about the wine scene in California vs Europe in the last decade of the 19th C?

A

-Phylloxera was wrecking havoc on Europe
-It showed up in CA too, but wine was thriving
-everything after late 19th C grafted on American rootstock

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19
Q

When can first commercial winemaking in NY be traced to?

A

1840s
-Robert Prince produced wine from native grapes on LI

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20
Q

What region was extensively planted with hybrids from 1850 onward?

A

Upstate NY

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21
Q

What American hybrid grapes dominated vineyards Upstate NY in the mid 1800s?

A

Catawba
Delaware

22
Q

What was the nation’s first bonded winery?

A

Pleasnt Valley Wine Company (est 1860)
near Hammondsport, Finger Lakes

23
Q

What Missouri winery became the 3rd largest in the world by the year 1900?

A

Stone Hill Winery

24
Q

What native grape is the pride of Missouri?

A

Norton
(vitis aestivalis)
-Riedel glass designed for it

25
Q

Who is Charles Valentine Riley?

A

-Missouri entomologist
-saved wine!!
-1st to understand American rootstock resistance to phylloxera
-statue of him in Montpellier

26
Q

Which Amendments were relevant to prohibition

A

18th - enacted it 1920
21st - ended it 1933

27
Q

What winery survived prohibition by rebranding as “the house of altar wine”?

A

Georges de Latour’s Beaulieu Vineyards

28
Q

Who made “Thuderbird” and “Night Train Express”

A

Gallo
-oceans of cheap wine from CA Central Valley after prohibition lifted

29
Q

When did Georges de Latour hire André Tchelistcheff? What did he introduce that set new benchmark in American wine quality?

A

1938
-Georges de Latour Private Reserve Cabernet Sauvignon

30
Q

What new standards for hygiene and technique did André Tchelistcheff bring to CA and what title did this unofficially earn him?

A

-temperature controlled fermentation
-controlled ML fermentation

“dean of American winemakers”

31
Q

Who did André Tchelistcheff mentor?

A

-Robert Mondavi
-Louis Martini
-Joe Heitz
-Mike Grgich

32
Q

3 wineries that survived prohibition

A

Inglenook
Berigner
Beaulieu

but ambitious new wineries in new generation surpassed them in late 1960s

33
Q

Where did Robert Mondavi come from? When did he launch his winery’s first harvest?

A

-Charles Krug!
-Left bc of family feud

-Mondavi’s 1st harvest 1966

34
Q

Who do many credit with creating the “brand” of Napa Valley

A

Robert Mondavi

35
Q

What was Fumé Blanc?

A

-Robert Mondavi renamed Sauvignon Blanc this way and aged in oak
-singlehandedly made SB saleable
-1968

36
Q

Early modern pioneers of Sonoma?

A

-Hanzell
-Martin Ray
-Simi

37
Q

Who took over as winemaker of “Monte Bello” at Ridge in 1969?

A

PAUL DRAPER

38
Q

What is Monterey’s oldest commercial vineyard

A

Chalone
1960

39
Q

When was Mount Eden Vineyards est (rebranded)

A

1972

40
Q

Who first planted Pinot Noir in Santa Barbara

A

Richard Sanford
Sanford & Benedict Vineyard
Sta Rita Hills

41
Q

Where did Dr. Konstantin Frank begin? What did he found? when?

A

-Janitor at Cornell U
-proved that vinifera could grow in Finger lakes
-Founded Vinifera Wine Cellars (1962)

42
Q

Who organized the 1976 Judgment of Paris

A

Steven Spurrier
(British wine expert, champion of French wine)

43
Q

Who planted 1st Pinot Noir in Willamette? When?

A

David Lett
1965

44
Q

Which wines took 1st at 1976 Judgment of Paris

A

‘73 Stag’s Leap Wine Cellars Cabernet Sauvignon
‘73 Chateau Montelena Chardonnay

45
Q

Who made the first bottle of Napa Valley Cabernet to top $100 at release? When?

A

Diamond Creek
1978

46
Q

When did Phylloxera reoccur in California and what did this surprisingly lead to?

A

-1980s
-over half Napa’s vineyards had to be ripped out
-took as opportunity to reasses grapes and clonal selections for each site

47
Q

What happened stylistically in the 1990s among many in Napa?

A

-Stylistic shift toward ripeness, body, higher alcohol
-bc of influential critics

48
Q

3 upstart cult producers as a result of critic forcing style shift to ripe, full body, high alcohol

A

-Screaming Eagle
-Colgin
-Harlan Estate

49
Q

How many US states is wine made in?

A

50! :)

50
Q

What two viticultural threats are problematic for California’s growers?

A

-Pierce’s Disease
-light brown apple moth

51
Q

Who was the first European to definitely set foot upon the North American continent?

A

Leiv Eriksson

America (18 decks)

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